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70 pages 2 hours read

Lynda Rutledge

West with Giraffes

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2021

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Prologue-Chapter 5Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Prologue Summary

In 2025, Woodrow Wilson Nickel dies and leaves behind a locker of notes and a porcelain giraffe. The Veterans Affairs liaison responsible for Woodrow’s remaining belongings begins reading his notes, a love story about giraffes.

Chapter 1 Summary: “New York Harbor”

On September 21, 1938, the Great Hurricane hits New York. Woodrow has recently moved to New York from the Dust Bowl. When his parents and baby sister died, Woodrow decided to head to New York, where he has a relative named Cuz. After an arduous journey East, Woodrow discovered that Cuz was cruel, so now, Woodrow is on his own.

The hurricane is horrifying, and Woodrow finds Cuz’s body dead from the storm. He checks his pockets for money, finds a lucky rabbit’s foot, and kicks the corpse. Contemplating the stormy harbor, Woodrow agonizes over the injustices in his life. Woodrow is astounded when he sees two giraffes attached to cranes, one alive and one who looks dead until it opens a big eye at Woodrow.

Despite his upbringing that made animals a resource of food, not love, Woodrow loves animals and is immediately taken by the giraffes. He tries to help the seamen unload the giraffes. A truck pulls up and a man exits, heading straight for the giraffes. The man strokes the giraffes until they calm down. A zoo veterinarian joins the man and says it’s critical that the giraffes be given room to stand. They free the female giraffe and tend to her injured leg.

The vet advises the man that the female giraffe won’t survive her next trip. They rig the giraffes to the truck and drive away. Woodrow picks up the telegram the man threw to the ground. The telegram is for a Mrs. Belle Benchley at the San Diego Zoo, reporting that the giraffes are alive. California always held the promise of a golden life for people from the Dust Bowl like Woodrow. Suddenly, Woodrow “had something no Dust Bowl orphan had any business having. Although I was living in a time when such a thing was as likely to kill you as save you—I had a flickering hope” (27). Woodrow runs after the truck then steals a motorcycle to keep up his pace.

The truck pulls up to a gate for the giraffes’ US quarantine inspection. Woodrow overhears reporters at the scene say that the giraffes will be in quarantine for 12 days. Woodrow is impressed by a woman dressed in slacks who is a reporter (later revealed as Red).

Woodrow sneaks into the barn holding the giraffes and sees the man from the harbor, revealed to be Riley, set up his cot to stay with the giraffes overnight. Woodrow sneaks down to steal the scraps of Riley’s snacks, then comes face to face with the giraffes, who stare down at him. The giraffes’ enormous bodies and soulful gazes mesmerize Woodrow. The male giraffe searches Woodrow’s pockets, licking up then dropping the lucky rabbit’s foot Woodrow stole from Cuz’s corpse. Woodrow enters the stall to retrieve the rabbit’s foot, but the female giraffe pushes him over. The sound awakens Riley, who sets off after Woodrow. Woodrow finds a corner in the barn to hide in for the night.

The chapter ends with a narration from an older adult man (later revealed as Woodrow) sequestered in an unkind, residential care facility.

Chapter 2 Summary: “In Athenia”

Woodrow wakes up to the sounds of men caring for the giraffes. Woodrow names the giraffes Wild Boy and Wild Girl. Riley checks on Wild Girl’s leg injury and she kicks him, frightening Woodrow, who knows the dangers of a large animal kick. Riley finds Woodrow and holds him down. Earl, one of the giraffe keepers, says he’ll call for the Sheriff. Despite Woodrow’s fears of being seen as a vagabond worthy of repulsion, he can’t let go of his California dream with the giraffes. The men leave him alone, and Woodrow escapes. Outside, the reporters are back. Woodrow sees a man grab Red’s arm, so he punches the man. Red helps Woodrow run off. He hides outside the quarantine barn, waiting for the giraffes’ departure. At night, he thinks about the giraffes, California, and Red.

On his second night outside the barn, he sees Red alone, contemplating the barn. She leaves behind a newspaper with her notes about the giraffe story. Her notes include a description of Woodrow, whom she calls handsome. He also finds her bucket list, which includes having a daughter and petting a giraffe. When she returns with the other reporters, Woodrow sneaks her notes back into her car. He spends his remaining days eagerly awaiting Red’s appearance.

After a few days of waiting, the giraffes are finally loaded into their boxcars. Woodrow follows them on his stolen motorcycle.

The narrative shifts to Woodrow in his old age. A red-haired woman named Rosie visits him and asks him if he’s been writing about the stories he once told her about Red and the giraffes.

Chapter 3 Summary: “Across New Jersey and Delaware”

Despite his knowledge of the danger of cross-country travel, Woodrow follows the giraffes through New Jersey. Police escorts are arranged to ensure secure travel. Woodrow finds a discarded newspaper that reports Adolf Hitler’s takeover of Austria and the never-before-seen cross-country travel of the giraffes. Woodrow sees Red’s car among the traffic. The escort leaves the giraffes at the state line crossing, which includes a ferry voyage. Woodrow sneaks onto the ferry and travels through the Delaware River with the giraffes. On the ferry, Woodrow sees Red’s car parked at the New Jersey state line. He is enraged to see that Red is with the man who grabbed her arm. Woodrow watches as the man grabs Red again, while Red gazes longingly at the boat with the giraffes.

The giraffes travel through Delaware and into Maryland. They approach signs warning of a tight bridge crossing. Woodrow’s motorcycle runs out of gas. The giraffes are stopped in an auto camp. That night, Woodrow hides in the woods with his eyes on the giraffes. He thinks through his options for stealing money to fill his motorcycle with gas. Then he sees Earl drunkenly hover near the giraffes. Three strangers approach and climb up to see the giraffes. As one of the strangers attempts to enter the giraffe’s stall, the giraffes let out a piercing and heartbreaking scream. Woodrow rushes to them and engages the three strangers in a fight. The sound of Riley’s gun stops them. Woodrow hides again and watches Riley berate Earl’s drunken night watch. Riley returns when Earl is kicked in the face by Wild Girl. Earl is bleeding and insists he can’t drive, but Riley points out he’s the only one who can drive the rig. Earl runs off in an empty dairy truck.

Woodrow starts up the rig to call Riley’s attention. He begs Riley to let him drive the rig; Woodrow knows how to drive it, and he is committed to the safety of the giraffes. Riley shoos him off and attempts to start the rig himself. Woodrow chases after the rig and hops on. After the bridge crossing, Riley is caught off guard by a surprised driver, and a swerve throws Woodrow off the rig into a ditch. He cries out, and Riley finds him. Riley agrees to let Woodrow help him until DC, where a new professional driver will be arranged. Woodrow takes control of the rig and is happy to see Red’s car following close behind.

The narrative shifts to Woodrow in his old age, writing. Rosie checks in on him again and asks if and how he will write to Red.

Chapter 4 Summary: “Across Maryland”

Riley tells Woodrow to call him Mr. Jones. He asks about Woodrow’s origins and Woodrow tells him that his family’s farm was consumed by the dust, leaving him with no family. They stop to eat and wash up, and Riley gives Woodrow a new outfit so he can be more presentable. Woodrow is 17 years old and has never been in possession of anything new. Woodrow helps Riley settle the giraffes. Woodrow notices that Riley is missing half a finger on his gnarled hand. Riley tells Woodrow about his first job killing useless horses. Riley hated the job and was later inspired by a character named Hawkeye from Fenimore Cooper’s literature. Hawkeye killed animals but only when necessary and not without blessing and gratitude. Woodrow has never met a philosophical thinker who looks as rough as Riley.

They stop to let a circus train pass. As they try to get the giraffes’ heads inside the rig so as not to cause a ruckus with the passing circus animals, Red drives past and gawks at Woodrow. Woodrow and Riley are due in DC the next day, and Woodrow tries to think of a way to stay on with the giraffes. They stop for the night, and Red finds Woodrow after Riley has gone to bed. He sneaks her over to the rig where she pets the giraffes. Red thanks Woodrow with a hug. She calls him Stretch and asks about his story. It is revealed that she is working on a photo-essay for Life Magazine. She asks for Woodrow’s help to complete her photo-essay.

Chapter 5 Summary: “Asleep”

Woodrow has a nightmare about giraffes running from the danger. In the middle of the night, he goes to Riley and tells him he will be staying on. Woodrow notices that Red’s car is gone.

Prologue-Chapter 5 Analysis

The first chapters of West with Giraffes introduce Woodrow, the protagonist and narrator of the novel. Woodrow is often labeled an “Okie,” a term he rejects, particularly because he claims he’s from Texas. An Okie is a native of Oklahoma, specifically a person who was forced into migrant work out of Oklahoma during the Great Depression. Woodrow believes the term is a slur because it implies a level of wretchedness and poverty that Woodrow tries to escape. That people continue confusing him for an Okie is indicative of the socioeconomic disparities that informed the cultural narrative of the Great Depression. Though the Great Depression affected everyone, New Yorkers were closer to prosperity and saw the real demise of other people through photo-essays that exposed the ensuing tragedies of the Great Depression. New Yorkers think that Woodrow looks unkempt and hungry; this is all they need to label him an Okie. This implies that New Yorkers are out of touch with the real stories behind the migrations and homelessness that befell people in Middle America during the Great Depression.

This novel is, in part, historical fiction. The time period very much informs the themes and characters of the novel. In the 1930s, a deadly mixture of farm economics, severe weather changes, and the already-oppressive pinch of the Great Depression impoverished farmers living and working in states from Texas all the way to Nebraska. Named the Dust Bowl after the literal dust storms that decimated property and killed people, the livelihoods of people who were already suffering from the Depression were doomed by storms and crop failures that caused widespread famine. These events led to one of the largest migrations in American history. People flocked from middle-American states to larger metropolises in search of food, work, and new opportunities. The Dust Bowl is important to Woodrow. He is a survivor of the Dust Bowl, but his family perished. He is haunted by violent memories of his family’s deaths, and the constant fear of the dust storms. He is motivated by his hunger, both literal and metaphorical. Woodrow has spent years surviving off meager scraps of food, and his access or lack thereof to food is a major conflict.

However, Woodrow’s hunger is also metaphorical. With such a traumatic past, Woodrow is desperate to find a new start. The Dust Bowl might have killed his family, but it didn’t quash his dreams. One of the problems that heightened the Dust Bowl was the influx of inexperienced farmers to states that offered tracts of open land. These policies were developed to populate large and new states in the US. However, when weather changes drastically altered the ability to farm, inexperienced farmers did not know how to combat the weather. Similarly, Woodrow doesn’t really know how to drive a rig, but his fortitude and resilience keep him going. Like his forefathers, Woodrow seizes on opportunities and will work hard to accomplish his dreams. In this regard, Woodrow is an ideal American representative: He doesn’t take no for an answer, accepts work with humility mixed with confidence, and is at heart a survivor.

In 1929, a major crash in the stock market brought the United States of America into a horrendous Depression in which millions of people lost their jobs and homes. The Dust Bowl made this Depression worse. This history is important to the novel because the giraffes are seen as a national symbol of hope. It takes money and care to send giraffes all over the world, and the very idea of such a foreign animal on American soil excites national passion. The novel includes newspaper clippings about the traveling giraffes. The publicity of the giraffes is crucial to the idea of rebuilding American morale in the years of the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl. Woodrow’s investment in the giraffes is a microcosm of this larger hope. Americans are ready to believe that incredible and inspiring things can happen again, and the voyage of the giraffes, who survived a hurricane and will cross the same roads of a country in which migrants have been suffering, is seen as a good omen for a brighter future. What’s more, the news includes world events, and the main world event is the steady rise of Adolf Hitler. As European countries fall to Germany, an anxiety builds around the possibility of war and oppression. Thus, the importance of the giraffes is heightened by the bad news of more problems to come.

Woodrow is determined to get to California. After the California Gold Rush of 1849, California was embedded into American cultural ideas as the land of opportunity. In the 1930s and early 1940s, California’s state was growing exponentially. New airports were being built, railroad systems were increasing, and there were many job opportunities in trade, farming, and manufacturing. Though there was still poverty in California, the state was enjoying a huge rise in secure family economies in the 1930s. Thus, the California Dream became a specific image in the umbrella of the American Dream. Just as many immigrants came to America for the American Dream, Americans went to California for the California Dream. Woodrow is among the dreamers who see California as a beacon of good weather, bright sunshine, and endless opportunity.

Another important historical allusion in these chapters is to the cultural influence of Life Magazine. Life Magazine first started publishing in 1936, with a focus on photojournalism. Their photo essays brought the reality of the world into American homes. For example, reading about the Dust Bowl might be powerful, but Life Magazine proved that photographs could change hearts and minds. Red wants to publish her own photo-essay with Life, heightening the stakes of the giraffes’ voyage.

Central to the novel is the emphasis on the spirituality of animals. The giraffes are immense and foreign; few people in America at that time would have known what a giraffe was, given the lack of photographs or education around a giraffe’s native land, countries in Africa. The sheer awesomeness of the giraffes is described in detail throughout these chapters. They are characterized by their size, soulful big eyes, gentle natures, and juxtaposed capacity to kill if needed. The awesomeness of the giraffes is akin to the sublime, which implies a greatness beyond measurement or imitation. Authors often use the sublime to demonstrate the insignificance of humans in the greater scheme of space, oceans, and mountains. Rutledge similarly uses the giraffes as a symbol of the sublime. They are inexplicable, awe-inspiring, and indicative of a world bigger than an individual human’s own experiences. Many characters feel the pull of this sublimity. The sublime inspires Woodrow to follow the giraffes across the country, inspires Red to chase after them for photographs, and Riley to commit his days and emotional intelligence to caring for them.

This novel quickly becomes a testament to the importance of protecting animals. Notes from the journals Woodrow wrote in during his old age decry the giraffe as an endangered species, and in this novel, many conversations and reflections are explored regarding the value of animal life. Growing up, Woodrow was taught to see animals as expendable, used for food or otherwise considered a nuisance. This stance on animals is a direct result of the hardships humans endured at the time; if a person can’t feed their own family, they are not likely to give precious scraps to stray dogs. However, Woodrow and Riley feel a natural emotional pull to animals. Riley doesn’t believe that an animal’s life is worth less than that of a human. Thus, Woodrow and Riley represent the giraffes’ protectors and champions.

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By Lynda Rutledge