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50 pages 1 hour read

Alan Moore, Illustr. Dave Gibbons

Watchmen

Fiction | Graphic Novel/Book | YA | Published in 1986

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Chapters 1-2Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary: “At Midnight, All the Agents…”

Content Warning: This section of the guide contains depictions of graphic violence, violence against animals, suicide, alcohol addiction, and attempted rape. The source text also contains outdated, racist, and misogynistic language, which is reproduced in this guide only through quotations.

A vigilante named Rorschach (after the mask he wears, which resembles the ink blots of a Rorschach test) walks the streets of an alternate New York City in 1985, his journal narrating scenes of crime, vice, and filth. Meanwhile, two detectives reconstruct the scene of a recent murder, where a man was thrown out of a high-rise apartment window and plunged to his death. They notice that the assailant must have been incredibly strong, as the victim had chained his door shut and himself “had the muscles of a weightlifter” (10). They decide to keep the case quiet, lest “masked avengers”—illegal crimefighters like Rorschach—get involved and make matters worse. When they leave, Rorschach arrives, finding a smiley face button stained with blood where the victim had landed. Rorschach rappels his way up to the apartment and discovers a hidden closet with a crime fighter’s costume (roughly resembling that of Captain America) and a photograph of the victim with similarly dressed people. Meanwhile, Hollis Mason is drinking beer and trading old stories with Dan Dreiberg, who inherited Hollis’s role as the costumed hero Nite Owl. Dan returns home to find Rorschach eating in his kitchen. Rorschach tells Dan that the victim was Edward Blake, whom they both knew as The Comedian, one of the few costumed heroes who chose to work for the government after the 1977 Keene Act banned vigilantism. Rorschach speculates that “maybe someone’s picking off costumed heroes” (20).

Rorschach walks into a seedy bar and begins asking questions about The Comedian, tormenting a patron but not receiving any information. He then visits Adrian Veidt, a former vigilante who leveraged his past into a successful business. Adrian suggests that Blake’s killing may have been politically motivated, as Blake had made many enemies among left-wing governments around the world in his work for the government. Thinking about how so many costumed heroes have met with terrible fates, Rorschach then visits Dr. Manhattan, the only being on Earth with actual superpowers and the other “extranormal operative” (29) to accept a government contract, and his girlfriend Laurie Juspeczyk, also known as Laurie Jupiter, the former Silk Spectre II. Laurie despises Blake, who had tried to rape her mother years before, and when Rorschach downplays that aspect of Blake’s history, Manhattan transports him instantaneously to outside the lab. Laurie then tells Manhattan that she is getting bored in the lab and would like a night out to see Dan Dreiberg. At dinner, Laurie complains about being a “kept woman for the military’s secret weapon” and that she is wasting her life (33). They laugh about their time as costumed heroes, reminiscing about a pathetic villain who liked getting beaten up but ended up murdered by Rorschach. Their laughter stops at this dark turn, but they find it appropriate not to laugh now that “The Comedian is dead” (34).

The last part of the first chapter is an excerpt from the first chapter of Hollis Mason’s memoir, Under the Hood. He discusses how his father fled the Montana countryside to work as an auto mechanic in New York City when Hollis was 12. The owner, Moe Vernon, loved to play opera in the shop and collect gag gifts. One day, Moe was wearing fake breasts and listening to Wagner when he received a letter that his wife had left him for the senior mechanic and taken all their money. He stood there sobbing with his fake breasts and “Ride of the Valkyries” playing, and everyone laughed at the sheer absurdity of the situation. Moe died by suicide that evening. Hollis grew up to become a police officer, inheriting the moral certitude of his grandfather, especially concerning the dangers of cities. When the Superman character debuted in 1938 (as he did in reality), Hollis loved the fantasy of rescuing grateful damsels from wicked villains. He then learns about a man named “Hooded Justice” who rescued a couple from a gang of thugs, and upon learning about “the first masked adventurer outside comic books had been given his name,” he “knew that I had to be the second” (40).

Chapter 2 Summary: “Absent Friends”

While Laurie visits her mother Sally in California (courtesy of Dr. Manhattan’s teleportation), Manhattan and the other costumed heroes attend Blake’s funeral. The narrative alternates between the funeral and a series of flashbacks, the first in 1940, when Sally, Blake, and others were part of a group of adventurers called the Minutemen. After the meeting, Sally is changing by herself, when Blake appears and makes sexual advances toward her. When she refuses, he beats her and attempts to rape her, until Hooded Justice intervenes. The next scene is 1966, Doctor Manhattan, Laurie, Dan, Adrian, Rorschach, Blake, and Captain Metropolis are gathering to form a new group Metropolis calls the Crimebusters. Arguments break out right away over the name, the size of the group, and their proper mission, with Blake dismissing the whole idea as a waste of time since he regards nuclear war as inevitable. The scene then shifts again to Manhattan and Blake in Vietnam, where the United States has just scored a decisive victory thanks to Dr. Manhattan’s efforts. A Vietnamese woman approaches Blake with the news that she is pregnant with his child. He tells her that he is leaving the country anyway, and when she attacks him with a beer bottle, he shoots and kills her. When Manhattan protests, Blake points out that Manhattan could easily have saved her and that Manhattan doesn’t care about humanity any more than Blake does. The next episode features Blake and Nite Owl dealing with massive public protests against vigilantes serving as auxiliary police, using the slogan “who watches the watchmen?” (60).

Back in the present day, Dan drops the smiley face button onto Blake’s coffin, and after leaving the funeral, Rorschach ambushes Moloch, an old villain whom he battled regularly in the past, to ask him about why he was at the funeral. Moloch tells him that Blake had come to his home in the middle of the night, crying and babbling about how “[he] thought [he] knew how it was, how the world was” but that there is an island where “they got writers, scientists, artists, and what they’re doing…” (64-65). Moloch tells Rorschach that he is dying of cancer, and Rorschach returns to Blake’s grave, his journal contemplating how life is a struggle, and that rather than fight for justice or hide in self-indulgence, Blake “understood, treated it like a joke […] he saw the true face of the twentieth century and chose to become a reflection, a parody of it” (69).

The book then returns to Hollis Mason’s Under the Hood, with Hollis in 1939 training to become a costumed adventurer. A coworker jokingly calls him “Nite Owl” because he always refuses offers to go out drinking at night with his fellow officers. Mason’s initial efforts are clumsy and nearly disastrous, but they gain media attention, and several other heroes pop up across the country. Hollis speculates as to their motives and finds they range from ideology and romance to psycho-sexual obsession with costumes and violence. According to Hollis, the trend might have died out had they stayed on their own, but once they decided to form a group, they lasted long enough to cause serious damage. The Comedian left to fight in World War II, and Sally Juspeczyk married her agent, after which the Minutemen fell apart as members experienced alcoholism, mental illness, and violence. By 1949, “the Minutemen were finished, but it didn’t matter. The damage had already been done” (74).

Chapters 1-2 Analysis

From its opening pages, Watchmen walks a thin line between the serious and the absurd. Rorschach’s journal starts the book on a bleak tone as he says, “the accumulated filth of all their sex and murder will foam up about their waists and all the whores and politicians will look up and shout ‘save us!’…and I’ll look down and whisper, ‘no’” (1). If Rorschach is the archetypical private detective in his grim worldview, he is also a poor detective. He manages to find The Comedian’s outfit, but his only method for procuring information is going to random bars and beating people up until they tell him what he wants to hear. He is the first example of The Absurdity of Costumed Crimefighting in the comic, but hardly the last. Dan Dreiberg (Nite Owl) most closely resembles Batman with his flying alter ego and access to cutting-edge technology, but unlike the billionaire Bruce Wayne, Dan lives alone in a sparse bachelor pad, his hunched, sad figure dwarfed by his fully erect costume (see panel on bottom half of page 21).

Adrian Veidt is a parody of a toy industry that markets violence and war to children, along with the self-help guru promising a new life to whomever is willing to work (and pay) for it. Dr. Manhattan is a genuine superhero, who makes an early display of his remarkable powers by transporting Rorschach, but he is potentially also rather ridiculous, as a giant, naked blue man. These characters come alive because they are both serious and silly, developing outsized personas to cover up their very human limitations. As the story proceeds, it will be harder to keep up the joke, because “The Comedian is dead” (34). Only Eddie Blake fully embraced both sides of the dichotomy, dressing up in a knockoff Captain America outfit to put on full display the absurdity of both costumed crimefighting and US foreign policy. While other characters attempt to reconcile parts of their personality in the pursuit of Discovering a Purpose for Existence, Blake just laughed his way through it. In his total refusal to find a moral core to his actions, he made himself eminently useful to his government. The other hero in the pay of the government, Dr. Manhattan, lacks Blake’s sadism but is hardly more concerned with human life, refusing the idea that he can change the future even though his power over matter is all but unlimited.

The clearest examples of the problems of crimefighting come from the chapters of Hollis Mason’s Under the Hood. He freely admits that he became a costumed adventurer because he liked Superman, both for its moral clarity and childlike innocence. He begins with his own story that merges tragedy and absurdity when he describes a man who learns of his wife’s affair while wearing props, taking his own life after his friends all laugh at his absurd and awful situation. Costumed crimefighting promises a neater outcome, but as his membership in the Minutemen quickly reveals, the mixture of so many combustible personalities—the only kind of personality that pursues such a venture, in this world—is invariably self-destructive. Hollis does not at this point say what “damage” the group did by staying together so long, but it is an early indication that costumed heroes are not only troubled people, but will exert a pernicious influence on society, especially American society.

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