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44 pages 1 hour read

Jennifer L. Holm

Turtle in Paradise

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2010

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Chapters 1-6Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary: “Rotten Kids”

In June 1935, an 11-year-old girl named Turtle sits in the passenger seat of Mr. Lyle Edgit’s Ford Model A as they drive south through Florida. Turtle, the narrator, is on the way to stay with her Aunt Minnie Curry, short for Minerva, who lives in Key West. Turtle’s mother, Sadiebelle Gifford, works as a housekeeper in New Jersey. Sadiebelle reluctantly decided to send Turtle away when she took a job working for a rich woman who dislikes children. Mr. Edgit is a friend of Sadiebelle’s boyfriend, Archie Meeks. He agreed to drive Turtle to pay off a debt he owes to Archie. Both Archie and Mr. Edgit are traveling salespeople.

Sadiebelle has had several boyfriends over the years, but her relationships rarely last long. Living and working alongside her mother, Turtle has been treated unkindly by other kids for being a poor housekeeper’s daughter. Turtle now believes that most people, kids and adults alike, are “rotten.” Sadiebelle, however, remains hopeful that she and Turtle will someday own a home.

As he drives, Mr. Edgit compares Turtle and her cat, Smokey, to popular cartoon character Little Orphan Annie, who has a dog named Sandy. Some of Smokey’s fur is burned, since a pair of boys once set his tail on fire. Turtle and Mr. Edgit pass a pickup truck containing a family and furniture. Seeing that the truck has a flat tire, Mr. Edgit slows to ask whether they need help. A boy in the bed of the truck gives a sarcastic response and blows a spitball, and Mr. Edgit keeps driving.

Chapter 2 Summary: “Paradise Lost”

While Mr. Edgit talks about his hometown in Pennsylvania, Turtle recalls Sadiebelle talking about her hometown, Key West, which she described as “paradise”; Turtle remains skeptical. Hours later, when they arrive in Key West, Turtle finds that the houses are worn down, but she is impressed by the abundant plant life.

With some difficulty, Mr. Edgit locates the small house that belongs to Turtle’s Aunt Minnie. A boy named Beans, who is about Turtle’s age, sits on the porch with his dog, Termite. When he learns that Mr. Edgit sells hair tonic, Beans teases him for going bald; he also intentionally mispronounces Mr. Edgit’s name as “Idjit,” meaning “idiot.”

When Minnie comes to the door, she instantly recognizes Turtle as Sadiebelle’s daughter. She is surprised to see her, since she did not receive Sadiebelle’s letter explaining the situation. She is also a little frustrated to have one more person to care for, in addition to her three sons.

Minnie assigns Beans to help Turtle move her belongings inside. After Beans and Turtle argue and make fun of each other’s names, Beans turns Turtle’s bag upside down, dumping her belongings on the porch.

Chapter 3 Summary: “Lucky as an Orphan”

As she enters Aunt Minnie’s small house, Turtle thinks jealously of Little Orphan Annie, who was adopted by a millionaire. Turtle moves her things into Beans’s small upstairs room. On her way, she meets Beans’s younger brothers, Kermit, who is nine or 10 years old, and Buddy, who is four.

When Aunt Minnie informs her sons that the three of them will have to share a room during Turtle’s stay, and that Termite will have to stay outside while Smokey is inside, they argue with her. She sends all the children and animals outside, even Kermit, who is supposed to nap each day and avoid physical exertion to aid his recovery from rheumatic fever. As they sit on the porch, Beans’s friend, a boy named Pork Chop, appears.

Jelly, an elderly neighbor from across the street, stops by to deliver Sadiebelle’s letter to Aunt Minnie, which was mistakenly delivered to him. Jelly refers to the boys as the Diaper Gang. When Turtle asks about the Diaper Gang, Beans, Pork Chop, and Kermit explain that they run a business taking care of babies, including changing diapers and treating diaper rash with a carefully guarded secret formula. As a girl, Turtle is not allowed to join the Diaper Gang.

Chapter 4 Summary: “The Conch Telegraph”

The next morning, Aunt Minnie gives Turtle avocado toast for breakfast. Turtle doesn’t like the way it looks, but she finds it tasty. As Turtle eats, Aunt Minnie questions her about Sadiebelle and Archie’s relationship and Aunt Minnie states that Sadiebelle was always a bit foolish. As Turtle gets a glass of milk, she encounters a scorpion, which Aunt Minnie squashes with a rolling pin. Turtle also argues with Beans and Kermit over the correct name for avocados, which they refer to as alligator pears. Pork Chop arrives and the Diaper Gang prepares to set out, when Aunt Minnie instructs them to take Buddy and Turtle with them so that she can work in peace running her laundry business.

After loading a wagon with blankets, the children pick up a baby named Pudding from Mrs. Lowe, who is relieved to see them. Pudding stops crying when they wrap him tightly in a blanket. As they walk, the children pass an elderly woman chasing her husband, who has dementia. They also pass an ice delivery man, who gives them samples. Turtle is surprised that both people know who she is, and Pork Chop explains that news passes quickly through the town, a process he calls “Conch Telegraph.”

They reach the waterfront, where workers are busy selling and unloading fish. Turtle looks at a group of sea turtles kept in captivity, and Beans introduces her to a sailor named Slow Poke, who harvests sea sponges. Slow Poke instantly recognizes Turtle as a relative of Sadiebelle.

Chapter 5 Summary: “Can You Spare a Nickel, Pal?”

Back at Aunt Minnie’s home the next day, Turtle feels bored and wishes for an adventure like those she reads about in newspaper comic strips. As Aunt Minnie scolds Buddy for misplacing his pants, Kermit invites Turtle to accompany the Diaper Gang during their daily tasks. Beans and Pork Chop agree to let her come if she does not change any diapers, which means that she can’t earn any candy, the Diaper Gang’s preferred form of payment.

As the Diaper Gang picks up and cares for three babies, including Pudding, they pass several boys who offer to help them, but Beans does not accept. As she talks with Kermit, Turtle learns that Aunt Minnie’s husband is working on a highway on a nearby island and that he visits home every few weeks. Turtle recalls that Archie gave her $5 before she left and promised that things would work out.

Kermit changes Pudding’s diaper and applies a white powder, the secret formula. A boy known as Too Bad appears and asks to join the Diaper Gang, even though he has failed to qualify in the past. Pork Chop and Beans give him a chance to change a baby’s diaper. As he does so, Too Bad forgets the Diaper Gang’s third rule: “always duck.” As a result, the baby urinates on Too Bad and he leaves, disappointed.

After returning home, the members of the Diaper Gang eat the candy they earned for their day’s work. Kermit begins to share his with Turtle, but Beans stops him. When an ice cream salesperson passes by, Beans tries to buy ice cream on credit, but the salesperson refuses. Turtle tricks the salesperson into giving her ice cream for free, and when Beans asks for some, she says that she’s not allowed to share since she’s not a member of the Diaper Gang.

Chapter 6 Summary: “The Truth of the Matter”

About two weeks after her arrival in Key West, Turtle sits on the porch and shows Buddy some paper dolls she inherited from her mother. When Aunt Minnie comes to the door and sees the dolls, she lets out a shriek of surprise and says that the dolls belong to her and that Sadiebelle stole them. Turtle offers the dolls to Aunt Minnie, and she takes them back inside with her.

The next day, Turtle watches the boys play tag while she reflects on her relationship with her mother. Sadiebelle never told Turtle who her father is; she only said that he was a fisher. When Sadiebelle became pregnant with Turtle, she waited a week for the man to propose. When he failed to do so, Sadiebelle left Key West, and she never returned. Aunt Minnie appears and scolds Kermit for running, against the doctor’s orders. Aunt Minnie takes Buddy to the outhouse, and Kermit invites Turtle to visit Duval Street with him. He runs there, despite his mother’s warning.

Duval Street is a commercial area designed to appeal to tourists. When Turtle asks Kermit where she might find a job, he recommends she talk to Johnny Cakes, who illegally imports rum from the Bahamas. They find Johnny at a nearby café with a friend who is a writer, later revealed to be Ernest Hemingway. As Johnny turns down Turtle’s request for a job, Slow Poke appears and gives an envelope to Johnny. When Slow Poke mentions that he is going sponge diving the next day on his ship The Lost Love, Turtle offers to work for him, and he accepts. Before she leaves the café, Turtle tells Hemingway that he should write for the funny pages if he wants to become famous.

Chapters 1-6 Analysis

These opening chapters introduce readers to the novel’s major characters, starting with Turtle. Readers gain access to Turtle’s private thoughts and feelings and this insight allows Holm to explore Pessimism Versus Optimism as one of the novel’s major themes. As the novel opens, Turtle is openly pessimistic, feeling that people are generally bad, and that real life rarely leads to the happy endings seen in fiction. Holm’s chapter titles draw attention to this theme: For instance, “Paradise Lost” is an allusion to an epic poem by English poet John Milton that expounds on the biblical story of Adam and Eve leaving the paradisiacal Garden of Eden. Here, it reflects Turtle’s skepticism of her mother’s description of Key West as “paradise.” Similarly, the title of Chapter 3, “Lucky as an Orphan,” ironically highlights how unlucky Turtle feels to end up at her Aunt Minnie’s house compared to Little Orphan Annie, who is adopted by a rich man. At this point in the novel, Turtle finds little evidence to challenge her negative outlook on the world.

These chapters also develop the context and significance of the novel’s Depression-era setting, which was a time of significant financial hardship for many people. Holm’s decision to start the novel during Turtle’s trip instead of at the point of her arrival in Key West gives readers a more panoramic view of life at the time, emphasizing the novel’s theme of Coping With Economic Hardship. The poor family with all their possessions packed into a truck that then has a flat tire exemplifies and symbolizes broader challenges facing working-class people. Similarly, Mr. Edgit’s agreement to pay his debts to Archie by driving Turtle to Florida instead of accepting cash shows how desperate he was and mirrors the Diaper Gang’s decision to accept candy, rather than money, as payment for their services. No one is exempt from the need to work; Aunt Minnie fills her extra time running a laundry business, and the children who have nothing else to do covet a spot in the Diaper Gang. Even Beans’s failed attempt to buy ice cream on credit carries larger significance, suggesting how difficult it was to obtain a loan during the Great Depression.

These chapters also set the stage for Turtle’s antagonistic relationship with Beans. Beans’s introduction on Aunt Minnie’s porch demonstrates his contentment as he overlooks his domain. It also illustrates how he is a gatekeeper to acceptance in the home and neighborhood, where his peers treat him with deference and respect, as his ability to cut to the front of the ice cream line without any objections demonstrates. When Turtle arrives, she immediately disrupts his life, forcing him to share a room with his brothers and causing his dog to be expelled from the house. Beans takes an immediate dislike to Turtle, going so far as to dump her possessions on the porch. He also repeatedly bars her from participation in the Diaper Gang, using sexist language to justify his behavior. Beans and Turtle’s opposition also carries cultural undertones, as they argue about language and customs that are unique to Key West, such as walking barefoot and using silly nicknames for almost everyone.

The significance of animals as a recurring motif first emerges in this section. Just as Beans and Turtle oppose one another, their animal sidekicks get off to a rocky start. Like Smokey, whose fur is partially burned by past abuse, Turtle carries with her the hurt and disappointment of the past. Turtle’s name takes on added significance when she sees the sea turtles at the docks, which sets the stage for ongoing consideration of ways in which she is like a turtle. Meanwhile, Turtle’s brief encounter with a scorpion foreshadows Aunt Minnie’s subsequent injury, showing that animal life can be both friendly and dangerous.

Another instance of foreshadowing involves Slow Poke’s boat The Lost Love, which hints that Slow Poke is the man who once loved Sadiebelle and who is Turtle’s father. Meanwhile, Aunt Minnie’s response to seeing Turtle playing with her dolls shows that Aunt Minnie continues to harbor some frustration toward Sadiebelle, and that their relationship remains much the same as it was when they were children.

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