72 pages • 2 hours read
Karen Tei YamashitaA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
The crowd following Arcangel helped him as he pulls the bus into San Ysidro; he does not even really have to pull anymore. Along the way, he is warned to go back by the people he encounters. He and the crowd claimed to be pilgrims. They make it to Angel’s Flight, a funicular that takes passengers up Bunker Hill in downtown Los Angeles. Arcangel “stood at the top of Angel’s Flight, looking out over the City of Angels with his arms raised to the heavens and his body fastened to an entire continent” (182). He performs magic tricks and draws a crowd. He announces his “scheduled bout in the Ultimate Wrestling Championship known to everyone as El Contrato Con América” (183). The crowd surges forward upon seeing Arcangel’s orange, the last orange in the city. Sol grabs it and runs, “[a]nd everything in that geographic nexus churned around and around and around” (183).
Listening to car talk radio, Buzzworm makes his way to Manzanar Murakami with the contents of the package that Rafaela sent to Gabriel. Inside the small cooler is a Tupperware container, containing a zip lock bag filled with fluid and “a tiny purple slimy thing padded tenderly by what was now tepid refrigeration” (185). Manzanar Murakami immediately identifies it as a baby heart. Still carrying the cooler, Buzzworm meets some city officials in the unhoused encampment. He does not know what to do with the heart. Afterward, he goes to downtown Los Angeles, drawn to the crowd surrounding Angel’s flight.
Buzzworm sees Arcangel performing, juggling corn and the last orange in the city. Sol Grabs the fruit and runs. Buzzworm, worried that the crowd is going to trample the two-year-old, grabs him and runs from the crowd. No matter how fast he runs, however, he cannot put any distance between himself and the pursuing crowd. He shoves the orange under Sol’s shirt and hands him back to Arcangel. Arcangel tells the crowd that Buzzworm still has the orange, pointing to the small cooler Buzzworm is still holding. They chase after him, and Buzzworm throws the cooler into the crowd. Another man catches it and runs off with the crowd in pursuit.
The driver of the black Jaguar attacks Rafaela. In the struggle, they transform. Rafaela’s becomes a serpent and Hernando becomes a wild cat with black fur and sharp claws.
Rafaela wakes up sometime later, spitting out a wad of black fur. She is bleeding badly; her whole body seems bruised and torn, and she is naked by the side of the road. The villain is nowhere to be seen. Opening her hand, she says she is clutching the turquoise inlaid a pocketknife that Arcangel gave her, along with a severed human ear in the other hand. The night is abruptly replaced by day.
Gabriel is driving down the highway to Mazatlán thinking about the relationship between Emi and Manzanar Murakami. He suddenly sees Rafaela crumpled weather side of the road. Horrified, he pulls over and helps her up. She is somewhat delirious but refuses to get into the car. Gabriel thinks that they are in the middle of nowhere, but she points out his own house not far away. Gabriel is confused; he should have had several more hours to go before he made it home.
They make it inside. Gabriel asks where Sol is, and she hands him the tattered pieces of the poem Arcangel wrote on the flyer for the wrestling match. She tells Gabriel that Sol will be there. Gabriel feels great tenderness for Rafaela. He wonders about the romantic feelings he harbored for her. He feels accused. He thinks of how he thought he was helping her out by letting her stay, but now he wonders if he was only patronizing her. He thinks, “I thought she might fall in love with me, but she was only fixing up my house, and I was a part of a net of favors and subtle harassments that unconsciously set her up. And she had taken this beating for me” (192). Gabriel asks who did this to her, and Rafaela says that she ate him. She tells Gabriel that the man cannot hurt them anymore. She asked about the package, fearfully questioning if it was a child’s heart. She implores him to tell Bobby about the wrestling match at noon tomorrow.
Gabriel looks out the window and sees Doña Maria approaching. Doña Maria takes over caring for Rafaela. Gabriel goes to her house to use her telephone, and while he is there, he turns on her new satellite TV. A strange channel shows a small X moving through a map of Downtown Los Angeles. He asks Lupe what this is; all she knows is the Doña Maria’s son and other men installed the satellite dish. He told her he will call her from Los Angeles tomorrow so she can tell him where the X is so he can search for it. Gabriel scans the desk with the telephone for any clues; he finds a travel itinerary with the name C. Juárez at the top but does not know if it is just a coincidence. He returns to the house, but Rafaela is sleeping. He gets back in his car and seize his property become a speck in his rearview mirror.
Bobby and his cousin discuss American culture as they drive up Interstate 5. Bobby points out the sites that he recognizes. The girl has a jar of dirt from her home village with her. Bobby does not mention anything about her brother. They get to Los Angeles from the border in record time, but once within the city, traffic comes to a dead stop. It takes forever to get home; the geography of the streets has inexplicably changed.
Bobby gets a call from Gabriel. Gabriel reluctantly tells Bobby that Rafaela is hurt bad, and that he feels like it is his fault. He tells her that Sol got separated from her, but he will be at the Ultimate Wrestling Championship tomorrow. He tells Bobby to contact him at his office; he needs to catch his flight back to Los Angeles. Bobby gets the fax over the wrestling match flyer; however, it is the side with the poem written on it. This enrages Bobby. He thinks, “What’s this? A pinche poem? You sending me a poem? What the hell! He’s supposed to find Sol in a poem?” (198).
Xiayue acclimates herself to Television right away. Bobby watches her changing channels, trying to sync. The language is on every channel are messed up, but everything makes sense. Bobby wonders, “Does Connie Chung even speak Mandarin? Does that Trek character Chekhov speak Russian? Or George Takei, does he speak Japanese?” (199). Even though Pacific Rim Auditorium is not far from his house, Bobby decides that he will start walking now due to the changing geography. He walks through all the surrounding areas of Los Angeles, before making it into the city proper.
Buzzworm finds Emi sunbathing in a bikini on top of the NewsNow van. Emi jokes about having a New Age tan and explains it is a result of various liberal Los Angeles stereotypes. Buzzworm shakes his head and says, “Well, I’ll be. And I thought having skin color was just so as to define what’s white” (201). He asked her why she has not gone to see Manzanar Murakami yet; she deflects his question.
Undeterred, Buzzworm gives her an hour to mentally prepare herself to meet her grandfather again. Descending from the van, Buzzworm hears a familiar rumble: gunfire. He commands the other members of the news team to get down. He rushes back to the top of the van to grab Emi. She gasps, “I actually saw them out there aiming for the dish. It’s such a dick the air, you…wouldn’t…think…they’d…miss…” (202).
One of Murakami’s grids overlaying the city is that of workers going to and from places of business on the freeways. Now, for a brief time, the unhoused occupied the same cars that the workers once used to get to their places of business. He begins to become aware of a new grid, finding “himself at the heart of an expanding symphony of which he was not the only conductor. On a distant overpass, he could make out the odd mirror of his own figure, waving a baton” (203). A vast, orchestral network of unhoused conductors have added their symphonies to Manzanar Murakami’s.
The freeway valley expands, “becoming the entire city and bigger than a tiny island or a puny country the size of San Bernardino” (204). At the same time, Arcangel and his parade approach, dragging with them the entire middle of the hemisphere. Gunfire rips through the celebratory feelings of the moment. The sound of it echoes in Manzanar Murakami’s mind over and over, each time bringing with it more pain. He does not understand.
The assembled and waiting military and LAPD forces use the drive-by shooting as an opportunity to open fire on the encampment of unhoused people. The Valley erupts into chaos, as “[t]he motley community of homeless and helpless and well intentioned ran in terror, surrendered, vomited, cradled the dying,” and “Manzanar recorded every scream and cry and shudder with dumb incomprehension” (205). At the same time, the forces from the South, “not foreign to the ravages of war—never stopped, clamored forward, joined the war with both wooden and real weapons, capital, and plunder” (205).
Separated from her son and Arcangel, Rafaela is at the mercy of Hernando, who is vengeful because of the theft of the baby heart. As Hernando tries to rape Rafaela in Chapter 38, the imagery swings rapidly between registers—frighteningly prosaic and concrete as he physically forces her into the back seat of the Jaguar, mythic as the car’s black leather interior becomes “a great yawning universe in the night”, and animalistic as her body twists “into a muscular serpent—sinuous and suddenly powerful” (188). Rafaela’s screams “traveled south but not north,” signifying America’s blindness to the violence against women in the borderlands. As Rafaela and Hernando struggle, their bodies are transformed. Rafaela transforms into a serpent, and Hernando—whose emblem all along has been the black Jaguar automobile—transforms into a black jaguar (or panther) himself. Their fight is a “horrific dance with death, gutting and searing the tissue of their existence, copulating in rage, destroying and creating at once” (189). As they fight, they resurrect images of women who died resisting the violence of men, including the “5,000 women of Cochibamba resisting with tin guns an entire army of Spaniards" (220). The movement of the orange toward Los Angeles is not only bending geography—it is also blurring the boundary between reality and myth, so that singular events become bound up with history and legend in an eternal present in which everything is happening at once. This is further evidence of Los Angeles as a Crossroads of History and Culture.
Significantly, this chapter takes place in Aztlán, the mythical homeland of the Aztec people. Aztlán was coopted by the Chicano movement of the 1960s (the same movement that reporter Ruben Salazar, Gabriel’s hero, was assassinated in). By setting this fight in Aztlán, Yamashita invokes the entire history of the colonization of Mexico. It is also significant that Hernando’s name invokes Hernán Cortés, the Spanish conquistador responsible for toppling the Aztec empire and founding Mexico. The violence of the fight between Hernando and Rafaela is symbolic of the violence inflicted upon the indigenous people of Mexico. The fact that Hernando sexually assaults her is a reminder of the sexual violence women in colonized nations faced.
As Arcangel and his procession approach the city, Manzanar Murakami finds that not only the freeway but his symphony has greatly expanded, and he is no longer its only conductor: “the entire City of Angels seemed to have opened its singular voice to herald a naked old man and a little boy with an orange followed by a motley parade approaching from the south” (204). The northward movement of this parade has made all seemingly permanent borders fungible, and for a brief and ecstatic moment all the many maps that contain the city of Los Angeles converge, until the LAPD and the military open fire on this anarchic scene, attempting through indiscriminate violence to reimpose the many borders—lines of geography, of race, of wealth—that the events of the past week have collapsed.
By Karen Tei Yamashita