59 pages • 1 hour read
Jeff ZentnerA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Dill is a teenage protagonist of the novel, about to start his senior year of high school. The son of a Pentecostal preacher imprisoned for possession of child pornography, Dill, who is both musically talented and intelligent, struggles with his identity in relation to his family and his friends. Raised within the church, Dill on the one hand carries within him the teachings of his father, whose approval he seeks even though he has stopped respecting him, while on the other hand forms new bonds and new values with his friends, Lydia and Travis. This struggle between two sets of values in the small Tennessee town of Forrestville forms the core of the novel.
Dill testified against his father during the trial, and both his parents and other members of the church hold that against him, even though he was only a child. His mother believes Dill should have taken the blame for possessing child pornography because he would have been judged more leniently, and Dill feels betrayed. Dill slowly realizes that he will never get the acceptance and affection he yearns for, and although suffering from depression, he turns more and more to his friends for support.
Dill is in love with Lydia, even though he is afraid to admit it to her, for fear that it would ruin their relationship. His behavior towards her grows increasingly strained as he is unable to stop his emotions from consuming him, and he becomes so sensitive around Lydia that he think she takes him for granted; he only understands negative feelings. In order to be able to confess his love for her, Dill first has to accept that he needs to modify most of what he knows about himself—it’s the only way for him to be free to behave the way he wants to. He fears that he will inherit the family madness, and the deep depression he feels is one incarnation of his fears.
Dill learns to let himself externalize his creativity by recording his music and allowing Lydia to post it online. After Lydia and he start a relationship and especially after Travis’s sudden death, he starts to become more fully who he is. He admits to himself and to his parents that he wants to leave town and go to college, knowing this will cause an irreparable rift between them. By the end of the novel, he takes the first steps into his independent future.
Lydia is a precocious teenager, wise beyond her years. Goal oriented, she wants to move to New York and become a writer. She is an online influencer who spends much of her time writing posts on fashion and social topics, such as her life in a small town in the American South. Sometimes, she uses her blog to create a false image of herself being a fish out of water, even though she has a supportive family and very good friends in Dill and Travis. She uses her cultural background to increase views and garner empathy, especially when it comes to making sure NYU accepts her application.
Lydia is also an influencer on Dill and Travis. She takes initiative, which sometimes causes friction, especially with Dill. Lydia believes she knows what is best for everyone, and, although she is often right, she learns the value of letting other people discover their abilities for themselves. Still, Lydia’s support and kindness help Dill with his budding music career, and Travis gets to meet his hero, the author of the fantasy book series he adores.
Lydia also fears the emotions she has towards Dill because she knows that she will soon be leaving, and she, too, does not want to jeopardize the friendship. She gradually realizes that instead of looking only to the future, she should allow herself to enjoy the moment. She enters a romantic relationship with Dill and learns that there is a softer, gentler side to her that she has never known before. By the time she leaves for university, she has become a fuller version of herself, more mature and more appreciative, both of the small gifts of life and of the larger ambitions she aims to fulfill.
Travis is tall, strong, smart, funny, and kind. Even though a school incident, when he beat up a bully who was teasing Dill, made others afraid of physically attacking him, he reacts badly to his own violence because he sees his alcoholic father’s behavior in it, and he doesn’t want to be like his father. Coming from a poor, uneducated family, Travis yearns for something more, which, at the beginning of the novel he finds in his fantasy books. They bolster his self-confidence, helping him to envision himself as the hero of his own adventure.
In time, thanks to their mutual interest in the Bloodfall series, he develops a potentially romantic relationship online with a girl named Amelia. As he recognizes and enjoys the emerging feelings, he tells Dill that he knows how Dill feels about Lydia and urges Dill to confess his feelings. In these subtle and more tactful ways, Travis is as influential as Lydia is.
After meeting the author of his favorite books, Travis starts believing more in his own creative abilities. He decides to transform his fantasies into writing, imagining a life away from his dysfunctional family where he shares a house with Dill— he can write his stories, and Dill can make his music. Travis’s life is cut short, suddenly and senselessly, when two drug addicts murder him believing they will find money on him. The brutality of his death shakes the community, shatters his family and friends, and changes the course of the novel. In literary terms, his death makes Dill and Lydia treasure their relationship even more; thus, the author allows Travis’s character to remain influential, even after death.
Of all the adult characters, Lydia’s father, Dr. Blankenship, shows the most mature, positive attitude, both toward life and toward the three protagonists. He and his wife chose to live in a small town because they believed this would be better for raising a family. The author portrays him as an educated man (he works as a dentist), but, more importantly, as an enlightened man, which makes him stand out in such a small-town environment.
Despite the disadvantages of Forrestville, Dr. Blankenship and his wife have brought up Lydia to be independent, diligent, and ambitious. Lydia understands her value and does not need others to confirm it for her. This confidence is mostly due to her father’s caring attitude, one of unconditional support, good will, and humor. When the need arises, however, like when Dr. Blankenship notices that Lydia is being dismissive of her friends in Chapter 14, he sternly but kindly reminds her to pay more attention to her behavior and how it affects other people.
Dr. Blankenship supports Dill as well. He takes Dill under his wing, knowing his home situation, and gives Dill a job in his office. He also drives him to Nashville to visit his father, knowing what kind of reaction such an encounter might provoke in the sensitive young man. He becomes a surrogate father to Dill, as he comforts him in his moment of need and as they commiserate about Lydia’s leaving for New York. At the end of the novel, Dr. Blankenship drives Dill to college and into a new life, remaining available for both Dill and Lydia as a source of support and care.
Dill’s father, former pastor of the Church of Christ’s Disciples with Signs of Belief, is a dark and shadowy character. His influence is more felt than seen, except in brief scenes in prison and in Dill’s memories of him. The author portrays him as tall, extremely thin, and wiry with muscles, covered with tattoos of snakes. Dill Sr. is known as the Serpent King, just like his father was, but for different reasons.
Whereas his father went mad from grief, Dill Sr. is mad with sense of importance, feeling the he is a messiah for the masses. As he used to hold sway over his congregants, he now holds sway over his wife and, to some extent, over his son as well. Dill makes himself visit his father in prison out of a sense of duty and guilt, although Dill feels disturbed by the changes he notices; his father is becoming even more unscrupulous and hard than before. Dill Sr. has instilled a deep sense of insecurity into his son because he never believed in him and thought him too soft for his religion (Dill was afraid of snakes). Dill Sr. used his “love” and attention selfishly and with manipulative ease, provoking feelings of guilt and remorse in his family. When the police discovered child pornography in his possession, he fully and self-righteously expected his son to take the blame for him.
Dill Sr. is an obvious narcissist. A man incapable of empathy or positive feelings toward others, he believes in his own absolute superiority; without other people’s devotion and attention, he cannot function. He chooses to interpret his prison time as God’s wish for him to perform “missionary work.” Dill’s acts of defiance at first do not disturb Dill Sr., because he believes that no one can get out from under his spell, but by the end of the novel, his son only has pity for him and implies that he will never come visit him again. Even as Dill Sr. insults his son as he leaves for the last time, he calls his name repeatedly, indicating his escalating fear that his son is truly abandoning him.
Dill’s mother, who remains nameless through the novel, mostly repeats what Dill’s father believes and thinks. The author does not give her a name because she does not own a personality; she is the perfect product of Dill’s father. Completely under Dill Sr.’s sway, she lives her life like a zombie: mindlessly going to work, then sitting listlessly on the couch, and then going to bed, barely registering the state of their house or how Dill feels and what he does.
Dill’s mother is very religious but in a way that negates any joy in life on Earth. She frequently quotes passages from the Bible that confirm the ideas that Dill Sr. has instilled in her. She is, in a sense, the most tragic victim of Dill’s father because she does not possess the agency or motivation to change anything in her life. Even though she is a victim, she is still influential in transferring Dill Sr.’s opinions to Dill, making Dill feel guilty and remorseful instead of helping him cope with the burden of having such a father.
Dill’s parents oppose his going to college, and his mother even suggests he should abandon high school so that he could earn more money to help repay debts that his father has amassed. She repeats her husband’s thoughts that Dill’s going to college would only betray the family and distance him from God, and that he is a bad son if he leaves. Yet she rarely visits Dill Sr. in prison; she makes Dill go. Even when Dill has gathered strength and decided to leave town, she still repeats that her son’s place is at home, living a lowly life.
As Dill hugs her before leaving for college, she does not return his hug, but when he asks her is she is proud of him she answers ambiguously. Her ambivalence leaves room for thinking that underneath the brainwashing from her husband, Dills mom might indeed be happy for her son, and proud of his achievements.
By Jeff Zentner