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Walker PercyA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Will Barrett is the protagonist of The Second Coming. He is a middle-aged lawyer who was born in Mississippi, but he spent most of his career working in New York City. While his career was successful, he become extremely wealthy by marrying Marion Peabody, a woman with disabilities who was heiress to a large family fortune. As a result, Will has retired early to North Carolina, where he plays golf and engages in charitable endeavors with the Episcopalian church. His daughter, Leslie, is about to marry a man named Jason. Despite all this apparent success and contentment, Will finds himself falling into a severe depression and existential crisis after he begins to suffer from falls and vivid memories of his past.
Will’s appearance suggests both his prosperous lifestyle and his unravelling mental state, marking his role in the novel’s exploration of The Absurdity of Modern Life. When Allison encounters him in the woods, she cannot tell if his brown hair is greying or if it has been bleached by the sun: “[W]as it turning gray or was it burnished and bleached by the sun? was he gray-haired or platinum blond?” (106). This ambiguity suggests either Will’s fading vitality or his vigorous and healthy lifestyle as a golfer. Allison also notices that Will’s appearance is marred by macabre qualities, indicating his closeness to death due to suicidal urges: “He was not good-looking. His eye sockets were too deep, his eyes too light, his mouth too grim, his skin burned too dark by the sun” (106). Will’s physical appearance hints at the irony of his situation at the beginning of The Second Coming. Despite living a healthy, prosperous, and successful life, he finds himself closer than ever to death.
Throughout the novel, Will has a mental condition that causes him to suffer from falls and suddenly experience vivid recollections of the past. His condition means that “everything reminded him of something else” (9), causing him to feel alienated from present events in his life. In particular, Will frequently remembers a hunting trip with his father, whom he refers to as “old mole.” His father died by suicide when Will was still a child, and Will comes to believe that on this hunting trip, his father had attempted to kill him as well. Will often carries on imaginary conversations with his dead father, making his father into the voice of his own suicidal ideation. He worries that he is fated to die by suicide in the same way as his father did because they both conflate love and death. Will’s relationship with his father thus ties into the theme of The Purpose of Love, suggesting the cost of viewing love as truly purposeless. Will is eventually diagnosed with Hausmann’s Syndrome, a form of epilepsy that explains his falls and erratic behavior, but does not fully explain his existential despair.
While Will does attempt to end his own life by starvation in a secluded cave, he finds that his aversion to pain causes him to survive. When he contemplates other methods of suicide, such as shooting himself, he eventually realizes that his own suicidal urges are the enemy that he has been trying to find, which lends meaning to his existence. After this realization, Will throws away his guns and begins a new life with Allison, with whom he feels more authentically happy.
Allison “Allie” Huger is a protagonist and love interest to Will Barrett in The Second Coming. She is the daughter of Kitty Vaught Huger. Allison was raised in a wealthy home and was preparing to become a classical singer until she experienced a mental health crisis. Her parents sent her to a psychiatric institution, where her psychologist, Dr. Duk, prescribed electro-convulsive therapy, which erased many of her memories. Despite this loss, Allison escapes from the institution by relying on written instructions left by her past self before the electro-convulsive session. She travels to North Carolina to find a property left by her aunt Sally Kemp and take up legal residence there.
Allison wears large, practical clothing she purchased after escaping from the hospital, and she has a boyish appearance due to her baggy clothes and short hair. When Will first meets her, he describes her hair as “cut short and brushed carefully, as old-fashioned as the book she was reading. It made him think of the expression ‘boyish bob’” (76). Allison’s old-fashioned bob is the result of her choosing a random haircut from a movie poster for Three Days of the Condor (1975). The haircut symbolically suggests her disconnection from modern society and modern gender expectations.
Allison struggles to live in the modern world, which her mother believes might be due to a past life as a Civil War sex worker and spy, in which Allison’s past self was too immersed in worldly and material pleasures. Allison also feels that she has failed at living, claiming, “[M]y mother refused to let me fail. So I insisted” (94). However, once Allison is living on her own in Sally Kemp’s old greenhouse, she finds that she can successfully care for herself once she is away from the pressures of other people’s expectations. Her success through stepping away from society highlights The Absurdity of Modern Life. Without being watched and evaluated by others, she learns to be self-sufficient and even begins to enjoy singing again for its own sake.
Allison struggles with her inability to communicate with others through speech. Because of her amnesia and her anxiety, Allison finds it difficult to talk to other people and to understand their responses. She worries about offending people by leaving conversations, and she cannot comprehend why so many people say words that are clearly contrary to their actual feelings and intentions. Will notices that Allison “spoke slowly and carefully as if she were reading the words on his face” (76). When she speaks in an unrehearsed manner, Allison’s dialogue is confusing and full of puns or linguistic jokes. A major reason that Allison falls in love with Will is that he understands her unusual manner of speaking and provides her with the words that she needs in order to talk clearly with others.
Katherine “Kitty” Vaught Huger is a love interest to Will Barrett and an antagonist of The Second Coming. Kitty was previously Will’s lover when they were much younger; their relationship is more prominent in Walker Percy’s novel The Last Gentleman. After travelling with Kitty and her two brothers, Sutter Vaught and the terminally ill Jamie Vaught, Will began a love affair with Kitty. However, Will eventually married Marion Peabody instead and has not seen Kitty since then. Kitty has since married a dentist, although she does not love her husband. When Kitty reappears in The Second Coming, in town for Leslie’s wedding, she tries to initiate an affair with Will.
Kitty is an attractive older woman who has become more confident and sensual with age. Will notices how she has changed since their previous encounter: “[S]he was bolder, lustier, better-looking but almost brawny, a lady golfer, brown and freckle-shouldered. Her voice was deeper, a musical whiskey-mellowed country-club voice with a laugh he didn’t remember” (131). While Will is still attracted to Kitty, his description of her hints that they have become romantically incompatible over time as Will sees his golfing, wealthy lifestyle as a form of living death.
As a mother, Kitty is caring but overbearing toward Allison. Kitty’s high expectations for Allison’s life and career have pushed Allison into a mental health crisis, with Allison now certain that failure is inevitable. Kitty wants to put Allison back in a psychiatric hospital because she believes it is the only safe environment for her to live; however, Allison finds that she is capable of taking care of herself and solving problems as long as she is not subjected to the pressure and judgment of other people. At the end of The Second Coming, Kitty is furious with Will for what she sees as a perverted and predatory relationship with her daughter. Will uses his legal knowledge to ensure that Kitty will not be able to institutionalize Allision again, but he and Kitty are no longer on good terms.
Leslie Barrett is Will Barrett’s daughter with Marion Peabody. At the beginning of the novel, Leslie is about to marry her fiancé, Jason, and move out of the house. Will has a distant relationship with his daughter, although they appear outwardly affectionate. He often thinks of how sour and angry she appears at all times, and he reacts to her born-again Christianity with skepticism, despite the fact that he has also embarked on The Search for Signs of God.
Leslie is described as constantly frowning, reflecting Will’s perception of her capacity to absorb a personal encounter with God. In his eyes, she possesses “a secretarial primness” that makes it “impossible to envision her personal encounter with Christ as other than a crisp business transaction” (160). While he notes that she expresses more emotion during born-again Christian church meetings, weeping and hugging others, he still thinks of her as having a dour and emotionally cold personality. Leslie’s actions suggest that her Christian spirituality does not make her a more loving and empathetic person, but rather calculating and callous toward her own father. When Will is diagnosed with Hausmann’s Syndrome, Leslie has him placed in a retirement home for treatment and begins planning to use Marion’s estate to fund other Christian hospitals and communities. Will, however, notes that Leslie is not technically entitled to the fortune unless he gives it to her. He comes to understand that Leslie is treating him like he is already dead or irrelevant, noting to Dr. Vance Battle, “[I]t just occurred to me that Leslie moved all my stuff here before she found out I was sick” (312). Will regrets being a poor father to Leslie and not being there for her wedding due to his suicide attempt. Nonetheless, the novel ends with their continued distance, Leslie still seeking to strip her sick father of his wealth and influence.
By Walker Percy
American Literature
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Christian Literature
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Mental Illness
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Mortality & Death
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National Book Awards Winners & Finalists
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National Book Critics Circle Award...
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Psychological Fiction
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Religion & Spirituality
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