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36 pages 1 hour read

Neil Simon

The Odd Couple

Fiction | Play | Adult | Published in 1965

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Themes

The Pitfalls of Marriage

The Odd Couple is classified as a satire. Satire uses humor and exaggeration to criticize something or someone, typically a public figure, social norm, or government policy. In The Odd Couple, Simon’s satirical target is marriage. Society frequently places marriage (in particular, heterosexual marriage) on a pedestal. Certain religions banned or heavily stigmatized divorces, and people are taught to view marriage as the most sacred form of partnership. As such, couples are frequently pressured to power through any struggles in their union, even if it comes at a great detriment. Oscar and Felix contributed to the end of their respective marriages by refusing to reflect on their flaws and compromise with their wives. Though they each express regret at their divorces, it is quickly apparent that neither is willing to learn from their experiences, and they remain stuck in their ways. This results in a second divorce of sorts and concludes with Oscar begging Felix to leave so that they can salvage their friendship: “Felix, we’ve been friends a long time. For the sake of that friendship, please say, ‘Oscar, we can’t stand each other, let’s break up’” (82).

Prior to living together, Oscar and Felix were close friends. Oscar invited Felix to move in with him out of concern for his mental health and was willing to monitor him to ensure his safety. However, their friendship takes on marriage-like qualities as they continue to share space. On his first night living with Oscar, Felix accidentally says “Good night, Frances” to him, suggesting that he is beginning to see Oscar as a stand-in for his ex-wife (40). Oscar is initially concerned by this, staring at Felix with a “troubled, troubled expression” (40). However, as the play goes on, Oscar begins to follow suit. When he enters his apartment while Felix cooks dinner, he shouts “I’m home, dear!” (56). As their friendship shifts into pseudo-marriage so does the content of their fights. Felix and Oscar frequently argue about communication and housekeeping to a point where their dialogue would be equally appropriate in a rom-com. The two can only navigate cohabitation when viewing it through the familiar lens of marriage. As such, the flaws that destroyed their marriages begin placing a strain on their friendship. However, Felix and Oscar have something together that was missing in their prior partnerships: They are able to continually affirm their importance to each other, which gives them the perspective needed to approach compromise.

The state of Oscar and Felix’s relationship are frequently compared to the relationships of those in their lives. Murray complains about his nagging wife, and Speed is constantly stressed about sticking to his wife’s schedule. The fact that they are both constantly exposed to people who are so willing to disparage their partners suggests Simon had a somewhat pessimistic view about marriage. The only pairing who appears to have a happy partnership are the Pigeon sisters, who are practically identical. This suggests that Simon thought that fulfilling relationships can only occur between people who share common ground.

It becomes apparent that Simon believes that marriages (and partnerships of any kind) will suffer if the people involved are unwilling to compromise and are too self-centered to treat each other with respect. He likely developed these ideas at an early age while witnessing his parents’ difficult marriage. While audiences can see that Oscar and Felix are able to move forward with their friendship, Simon makes it clear that the two of them will continue to be unfit for a deeper partnership unless they can commit to addressing their flaws. At the end of the play, it seems as though they are on the right track. However, this question is ultimately left unanswered.

The Danger of Ego

In The Odd Couple, Oscar and Felix are presented as diametric opposites. However, they are united in their willingness to indulge in their vices at the expense of their friends and family. They act selfishly and often justify their behaviors by invoking their divorces. Highlighting each man’s egocentrism is one way that Simon satirizes marriages. He demonstrates that happy marriages are only possible if each partner believes the other is worthy of compromise and respect. Oscar and Felix do not realize this until they essentially replicate the conditions of their divorce.

Oscar is carefree and wants to live an easy life. However, he takes this to extremes by living in filth and spending his money on himself instead of his family. He acknowledges his poor treatment of Blanche throughout their marriage, telling Felix:

“You think you’re impossible to live with? Blanche used to say, ‘What time do you want dinner?’ And I’d say, ‘I don’t know. I’m not hungry.’ Then at three o’clock in the morning I’d wake her up and say ‘Now!’ … I’ve been one of the highest paid sports writers in the East for the past fourteen years—and we saved eight and a half dollars—in pennies! I’m never home, I gamble, I burn cigar holes in the furniture, drink like a fish and lie to her every chance I get, and for our tenth wedding anniversary, I took her to see the New York Rangers-Detroit Red Wings hockey game, where she got hit with a puck. And I still can’t understand why she left me. That’s how impossible I am!” (36)

Oscar’s laundry list of examples shows that he can picture times when he was a bad husband. However, he concludes by saying he still can’t grasp why their marriage ended. Even though he was able to recall countless instances of lying, stealing, and indulging his worst vices, he is unable to grasp the idea that he was primarily at fault for his divorce. While he exhibits occasional moments of vulnerability where he admits the difficulties he experiences living alone, he is unwilling to take any personal responsibility for his life circumstances. Oscar finds it much easier to continue living his careless life and focusing on himself than to do any introspection. His refusal to diverge from his ideals sets him up for failed relationships by preventing any opportunity for meaningful communication and compromise.

Felix is known for his anxious and uptight nature. However, he channels these to the detriment of others, by insisting on constantly cleaning and running environments to his liking. He also uses his anxieties to justify his self-centered behavior. This is especially clear during Oscar’s conversation with Frances about his disappearance. Frances recounts receiving a “suicide telegram” from Felix, and Oscar realizes he did this to convince her to change his mind (19). This behavior is both toxic and egocentric. While Felix is genuinely suffering, he forces all his loved ones to be involved in his planned last moments without their consent. Whether he was sending a foreboding message to his family or showing up to his friends’ poker game after taking an entire bottle of pills, Felix constantly attempts to use his anxiety to justify his desire for attention and control. As was the case with Oscar, Felix ruined his relationship by valuing himself over his partner and indirectly not allowing her to express her point of view.

Both men lost their wives as a result of their actions, and they almost lose each other when they replicate these patterns during their partnership. However, once they realize the importance of their friendship, Simon suggests they will be able to change. Although the play ends on an ambiguous note, Felix still affirms the importance of their friendship, telling Oscar, “Marriages may come and go, but the game must go on” (89). In this way, they are able to prioritize their common interests and mutual friends over their selfish tendencies. This bodes positively for their future and suggests that the problem of the ego can be overcome.

The Only Constant Is Change

Oscar and Felix are both faced with the issue of change. Whether they are adapting to the material changes in their lives, evolution of their friendship, or the mounting pressure to address their flaws, they are constantly forced to adapt to their new circumstances. This is another theme likely inspired by Simon’s personal life. Since he spent his formative years during the Great Depression, the audience can safely assume he was regularly forced to be flexible in the face of difficult times. As such, he likely learned the importance of accepting change firsthand. Oscar’s and Felix’s inability to accept the changes in their lives exacerbate the struggles they face in their relationship with each other.

Felix is particularly plagued by this. He is already known as the most rigid of his friend group, and his worldview is challenged in the aftermath of his divorce. After spending the last twelve years with Frances, he is unable to fathom life without her. He asks Oscar, “How can you forget your kids? How can you wipe out twelve years of marriage?” (34). This is indicative of both Felix’s love for his family and his inability to picture anything besides what he already knows and is used to. Throughout the play, his struggles to accept these changes contribute to his deteriorating relationship with Oscar. On their first night living together, he calls out “Good night, Frances,” suggesting that he is treating his new living arrangement as a stand-in for the familiarity of marriage (40). This mindset is likely what causes Felix to hold on to the habits that ruined his marriage. He is perfectly content with interrupting social gatherings or bringing up his ex-wife at inappropriate times because it is all he knows. Though he does seem to grow by the end of the play, it is unclear as to whether he is able to break out of his uptight nature. Even though he is challenging himself by staying with the Pigeon sisters, he knows at the very least he likes them, and they share a sensitive side.

Oscar struggles with this as well, but to a lesser extent. Unlike Felix, he immediately understands that he has to change. Blanche continually calls him about child support payments, and Roy, his friend and accountant, encourages him to get his finances together. However, while Felix has difficulty accepting change, Oscar simply has no desire to change. He sees how his behavior impacts others and knows it contributed to the end of his marriage. He tells Felix he “[drank] like a fish” and “[lied] to her every chance [he got]” and discusses how living alone is emotionally challenging for him (36). However, despite this, he refuses to change. He actively tries to prevent Felix from changing and occasionally mocks him for being sensitive. As was the case with Felix, he only changes once he realizes their friendship is in jeopardy. They were only able to attempt to resolve their relationship once they realized they needed to change. While the outcome of their resolution is left ambiguous, this acknowledgment leaves the audience with a sense of hope.

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