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Marion Zimmer BradleyA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Summary
Chapter Summaries & Analyses
Prologue-Part 1, Chapter 3
Part 1, Chapters 4-6
Part 1, Chapters 7-10
Part 1, Chapters 11-13
Part 1, Chapters 14-16
Part 1, Chapters 17-20
Part 2, Chapters 1-3
Part 2, Chapters 4-6
Part 2, Chapters 7-11
Part 2, Chapters 12-14
Part 2, Chapters 15-17
Part 3, Chapters 1-3
Part 3, Chapters 4-6
Part 3, Chapters 7-10
Part 3, Chapters 11-13
Part 4, Chapters 1-3
Part 4, Chapters 4-6
Part 4, Chapters 7-10
Part 4, Chapters 11-13
Part 4, Chapter 14-Epilogue
Character Analysis
Themes
Symbols & Motifs
Important Quotes
Essay Topics
Tools
After a brief return to Tintagel, Gorlois leaves again, hoping to ambush Uther’s army. Igraine feels that he is acting irrationally, and that “he would deprive all Britain of her High King […] all because he was not man enough for his wife and feared that Uther would be” (87).
Igraine waits for Uther to find her at Midwinter. On a particularly frigid night, Igraine invites an old peasant woman inside, hoping to gain some idea of the outside world. She says that battle has overtaken Britain, and that the combined chaos of the infighting between the dukes and Saxon invasion has reached the Holy Isle, where she lives. She mentions that Viviane has given birth to a baby boy, Galahad. Viviane says that Galahad, whose father is King Ban of Less Britain, will serve another king’s child, suggesting that Igraine’s fate will come to pass.
Igraine decides to use sorcery to warn Uther. She recalls her brief training at Avalon and projects her soul through the land of dreams. Igraine sees Gorlois’s camp and hears him discussing how the Cornish weather will likely thwart Uther. She is shocked into returning to her physical body at Tintagel. Knowing that Uther is in danger, she tries to project her soul again but cannot since “in this body she had no bond with Uther” (92). Stuck in some dark place, she hears a voice telling her that she cannot access Uther without paying a price. Igraine agrees and transforms into a priestess, shouting a word in a language she has never known. She finally sees Uther, cold and shivering within his camp, and he sees her. She telepathically shares Gorlois’s plans to ambush him. Igraine wakes the next day feeling a deathly chill, and resolves to keep her strength for Uther’s Midwinter arrival.
On Midwinter-eve, Igraine and Morgause hear an army entering Tintagel’s courtyard. The guards refuse to let them in until the Merlin steps forward from the crowd. Taliesin shows Gorlois’s ring to Father Columba and the guards. As the hubbub dies down, Igraine notices Uther. She realizes that everyone in the castle thinks Uther is Gorlois but remains calm until they are alone. Uther explains that Taliesin enchanted him to look like Gorlois, whose ring he won in battle. He insists on pursuing Gorlois until his death as punishment for breaking his oath. Igraine asks if he will “have his lady, too—by conquest and by right” (101). Uther says he believes Igraine made her choice since he overtook Gorlois with her help. He feels that they knew each other in a past life and vows to love her forever.
In the morning, another army arrives. Igraine rushes downstairs and has a vision of a pale and sickly Gorlois, missing a few fingers from where Uther took his ring. She realizes that he “loved her, in his own harsh way, and whatever he had done to hurt her had been done for love” (106). Soldiers rush into the hall, announcing that Gorlois was killed and that they are delivering his body. Noticing Father Columba’s confusion, the Merlin admits to enchanting Uther and orders him to marry Uther and Igraine immediately. As Igraine pays her final respects at Gorlois’s side, Taliesin says she can finally fulfill her fate. Igraine uses the Sight for what she swears will be the last time and envisions her pregnancy.
In the present day, Morgaine recalls Igraine’s wedding to Uther. She does not remember having a strong relationship with him, as he mostly cared for Igraine and their son, Gwydion. Morgaine was initially jealous of Gwydion but began to love him as she took on more responsibility caring for him. Some years after Gwydion’s birth, Morgaine, Gwydion, Uther, and Igraine attended Morgause’s wedding to King Lot of Orkney. Here, Morgaine met Viviane for the first time. Viviane treated her as an equal despite her age and asked if Morgaine had the Sight. Worried that Uther would send her to a nunnery, Viviane vowed to take Morgaine to Avalon for proper training.
Seven years into Uther’s rule, he establishes a court at Caerleon. Viviane is at Avalon in front of a magic mirror, trying to use the Sight to see into the future. She thinks of how narrow-minded Christians are for disavowing magic so quickly. She begins her ritual, asking for Igraine and her children. She sees visions of Uther fighting alongside her men, Igraine’s coronation, Morgaine crying, and a motionless young child. Viviane is worried, unable to tell which visions have already occurred. She makes plans to travel to Caerleon and arranges to send a message to the Merlin.
Viviane arrives at Caerleon and hears that Gwydion fell off a horse. Viviane demands to see him and Igraine. Gwydion is bruised and battered, but Viviane determines that he will live.
Viviane later encounters Morgaine in Igraine’s chambers. Morgaine explains that Gwydion snuck onto the back of Uther’s stallion, who bucked after seeing a mare. Morgaine says that Gwydion is not usually a rulebreaker, leading Viviane to think that someone may be plotting against his life. Viviane asks if Morgaine ever uses the Sight to see if Gwydion will be in danger. She offers to train her to harness it, but Morgaine balks, saying that Uther forbade sorcery in his court. However, she tells Viviane she trusts her judgment and that she does not find sorcery to be inherently evil. Viviane thinks that she has found “the successor the Goddess had sent her, a kinswoman with the Sight […] [who was] looking up at her with complete trust” (122).
Viviane helps Morgaine use the Sight with a basin of clear water. Morgaine sees several visions—one of four queens on the barge of Avalon, one of a man wearing a crown of antlers trampled by a herd of deer, one of Gwydion napping, and one of Morgause and her four sons quarreling over land. Viviane realizes that if Uther died without an heir, the throne would likely go to Lot and Morgause: The attempts on Gwydion’s life could have easily been their doing.
Viviane gets Uther alone and informs him that Gwydion must be under close watch: The vision that prompted her journey to Caerleon was “a sign to [her] that [his] child is guarded by the Gods, for he is needed” (125). Viviane suggests that Gwydion be fostered, either in Avalon or with a trusted vassal. She then asks him to let her train Morgaine as a priestess. When Uther refuses, she threatens to incite the Tribes to rebellion, insisting that he must do something material for them. Uther agrees, stating that he trusts the Merlin will look out for Morgaine and Gwydion on their respective paths.
Chapter 7 continues Zimmer Bradley’s exploration of gender and control. Despite Igraine’s attempts to placate Gorlois, he continues to beat her. Zimmer Bradley writes, “Igraine, her bruised face throbbing, lay awake, weeping quietly at his side. So this was the reward of her meekness, just as it had been the reward of her hard words?” (87). Gorlois now knows that Igraine has feelings for Uther, and struggles with his pride. While he knows that he cannot control her innermost thoughts, as her husband he can control her whereabouts and ultimately her body. The rapid breakdown of Igraine and Gorlois’s relationship in this chapter symbolizes the end of a power struggle. However, due to gender roles, this struggle is unbalanced. The most that Igraine can have in this relationship is the ability to communicate with the outside world and basic agency. Even in her brief moments of empowerment, the relationship ultimately forces her into submission.
In Chapter 8, Igraine continues to struggle with the legacy of Gorlois. Uther killed him for treachery, which frees Igraine from her captivity and allows her to be with Uther. However, her trauma robs her of any relief she might feel. After hearing of his intent to marry her and take Tintagel, Igraine is anxious, asking if he will take her “by conquest and by right” (101). Though she has strong feelings for him, she is unable to think of a marriage as anything not defined by violence and domination. Igraine also still tries to force herself to see Gorlois in a positive light. When she sees his body for the first time, she thinks, “He was dead, he had met a traitor’s death; he had richly deserved it, but he had loved her, and he had died” (107). Despite the suffering she endured at Gorlois’s hands, she still finds kind words for him, perhaps to rationalize the years she spent with him.
Despite her newfound freedom and excitement at being with a husband she loves, Igraine knows that her marriage is based on obligation:
Kneeling there between her dead husband and the man she would love all her life, she fought the temptation to play upon his love for her, to turn him, as she knew she could do, from thoughts of kingdom and state to think only of her. But the Merlin had not brought them together for her own joy. She knew that if she sought to keep it, she would rebel against the very fate that had brought them together, and thus destroy it (107).
This quote continues Zimmer Bradley’s exploration of gender and obligation. Duty to the Holy Isle motivated Igraine’s first marriage, and duty to a higher purpose dictates her second. This critiques the notion that a woman’s contributions to her community center on what she can do for a man, though it still depicts Igraine as less than fully free.
Chapter 9 lays the groundwork for the reader to understand why Viviane and the Merlin were so adamant about Igraine’s marriage to Uther and prompts several key questions that underscore the novel, such as whether or not any given religion can dominate another. It suggests an eventual melding of the Old Religion and Christianity, since Viviane is using sorcery to ensure the well-being of a Christian kingdom.
Chapter 10 offers a different perspective on fate. The Merlin and Viviane always described fate as something immovable and rigid. Avalon has many sayings about the dangers of ignoring fate, such as, “If you seek to avoid your fate or to delay suffering, it only condemns you to suffer it redoubled in another life” (16). Instilling fear in this way gives leaders license to exert control. This becomes clear in Viviane’s inner monologue when she tends to an injured Gwydion: “Had all their planning come to this?” (118). If fate were truly all powerful, Igraine and Uther would have found each other organically, and Gwydion would not be in danger of dying before his time. Viviane’s admission that her planning and action led to any part of this outcome suggests that fate is not as powerful as it seems and partially serves as a tool for control. It foreshadows that characters in the book may justify their own ambitions as fated.