50 pages • 1 hour read
Ellen Marie WisemanA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
The girls and women are led to the nurse’s station, where they are given medication. Sage thinks she sees Rosemary, but when she pushes toward her, she sees that the girl is not her sister. Sage is yelled at to return to her cart.
Sage pretends to swallow the pills, spitting them into her hand. When Eddie, a young man pushing a mop bucket, approaches her, she drops the pills into the cart. He calls her Rosemary but walks away quickly.
The residents are herded into the dayroom, freshly mopped, but still spotted with puddles and stains. Wayne is the attendant in charge. After all the residents come in, he locks the doors and prowls the room breaking up fights, putting girls into straitjackets, and using a bully stick to threaten or beat the girls and women into submission.
Attendants bring in orange juice spiked with tranquilizers and bowls of oatmeal with no spoons. Tina reappears and encourages Sage to eat quickly before the food is taken away. Sage asks her what will happen next and Tina laughs—they will never do anything but this. Only the people in the experiment ward get clothes, classes, or toys. Suddenly, Norma grabs Sage’s arm hard, angry that “Rosemary” left Norma alone. Norma talks to hallucinations and lectures Sage, complaining that she’s been afraid that Cropsey got Rosemary.
Sage tries to talk to Wayne, but he becomes angry. He almost got fired when she ran away. Eddie comes in and jokes with Wayne. Sage tries to maneuver to talk to him, but Norma stops her again, and Sage misses her opportunity to talk to Eddie. Wayne finds Sage’s spit-out pills, but blames them on a comatose girl in the cart until Sage rushes over and confesses. After Wayne forces her to take the pills, her body gets heavy and she falls to the floor, unconscious.
Sage wakes up in the ward, vaguely remembering being fed green mush the previous day. She looks for Tina but is told not to ask about her. Sage uses the toilet and tries to rinse urine out of her skirt, but the attendant yells at her, saying that clean clothes come when the laundry shows up.
Sage pushes another cart to the pill dispensary and hides her pills again. This time the janitor who opens the dayroom doors isn’t Eddie, but an older man who ignores all the women. Sage crushes her pills and smears them on the floor under a couch. Norma sees this, and Sage hopes she won’t turn her in.
After breakfast, a nurse wheels Tina into the room in a wheelchair. Tina can’t lift her head and there’s blood in her eye. Norma tells Sage that Tina has been given a lobotomy—a pseudo-medical procedure to sever the frontal lobe from the rest of the brain that was in widespread, unscrupulous use in the mid 20th-century. When Sage asks why, Norma shrugs—Tina might have just been lobotomized to teach a new doctor.
In the middle of the night, Norma wakes Sage up and they sneak out of the ward after Norma steals the nurse’s keys. They go down a series of hallways, including the raucous and disturbing isolation hallway. Norma takes Sage to a supply closet and leads her into a hidden room behind a false panel. There’s a dirty mattress and animal droppings on the floor. Norma tells Sage that Cropsey stays there sometimes and adds that when Rosemary went away, Wayne brought Norma to the room instead of Rosemary. Sage realizes that Wayne has been raping Norma and Rosemary. She warns that Norma could pregnant, but Norma says she’s been surgically sterilized—another commonplace procedure inflicted without consent. When Sage tries to convince Norma to stop coming to the room with Wayne and to tell someone what he’s been doing, Norma gets mad, shoves Sage into a shelf, and runs out of the room. Sage hurries after her and considers trying to find a way to escape, but Norma threatens to tell staff that Sage isn’t taking her pills. Sage returns to the ward and goes to bed. She dreams of seeing Rosemary sitting next a tree, but when she brushes aside Rosemary’s hair, the girl is Tina.
At medication distribution, Sage tries to tell Nurse Vic about Wayne’s sexual abuse of the young women on the ward. Nurse Vic dismissively tells her to discuss it with a doctor.
Back in the dayroom, Norma tries to flirt with Wayne, who yells at her and yanks her arm. Eddie returns to mop the dayroom and talks with Wayne. When Sage moves to approach him, he shakes his head, but after Eddie leaves, Wayne brings Sage a note from Eddie telling her to stay in the dayroom after everyone leaves so they can talk. Wayne leaves Sage in the room after gathering the other residents, locking her in. Now worried that Eddie and Wayne are working together, Sage picks up a chair, holding it above her head threateningly when Eddie comes in. He calms her down, looks at her closely, and tells her he believes she’s not Rosemary. She tells him about Wayne and the secret room, Eddie tells her that the staff won’t intervene. Willowbrook insulates itself to protect from media coverage because doctors are doing unethical vaccine research in the experiment wing, where children there are being purposefully infected with hepatitis. Eddie doesn’t know what happened to Rosemary, but Rosemary did tell him that someone was hurting her at night. Eddie agrees to help Sage by finding her stepfather Alan.
Wayne takes Sage back to the ward while Nurse Vic keeps an eye out.
Sage tries to thank Nurse Vic the next day, but Nurse Vic threatens to have her thrown in the pit. Sage waits for Eddie in the dayroom. When the other janitor comes, she’s heartbroken, but holds out hope that Eddie is just off work for the day. She comforts herself with memories of her childhood with her father and Rosemary and fun times with her friends.
Wayne approaches her later in the afternoon to tease her that Eddie wants to talk with her again. Wayne tries to get Sage to sleep with him. When she turns away, he grabs her threateningly. She beats his chest with her fists and gets away, but he chases her around the room until Eddie comes in and tells Wayne to leave her alone, threatening to get Wayne fired.
Eddie tells Sage that he tried to contact Alan, but Alan didn’t answer the phone or the door, so Eddie left a note. She holds out hope that Alan will still intervene, but asks Eddie to go see her friends as well. Then she asks Eddie if all women at Willowbrook are surgically sterilized—if so, she could prove to Baldwin that she’s not Rosemary. Eddie replies that she won’t be allowed to see a doctor unless she’s bleeding badly or near death. When Sage asks him to cut her wrist or give her something sharp to do it herself, Eddie refuses—she’ll only end up in the pit if it looks like she tried to die by suicide.
One of the narrative devices the novel frequently uses is foreshadowing. This technique is crucial for the mystery plots to feel satisfying: After the ending reveals the conclusion, readers can look back on the many clues they missed and feel that the solution is earned. This section offers several hints about Eddie’s real identity. First, the reader sees that Willowbrook residents sometime perform staff jobs. For example, Sage notices that the medicine distribution area relies on resident labor: “Sage noticed the woman was barefoot which meant she was a resident, not an employee. Why was a resident helping hand out drugs? It seemed odd” (88). The presence of the resident worker establishes that Eddie’s working as a janitor is not an anomaly. Second, the novel highlights Eddie’s strange response to seeing Sage: “the janitor […] was weaving his way through the residents toward her, his face a strange mixture of alarm and surprise” (90). No one else reacts to Sage with either “surprise” or “alarm” when they believe she’s Rosemary, but he is shocked to see someone who looks exactly like the woman he’s recently killed. Underscoring this, Eddie is the only person who believes Sage about her identity—which makes sense, since he knows what happened to the actual Rosemary.
At the same time, the novel also uses misdirection to throw readers off about Eddie’s motivations and identity. While all the other staff have yelled at Sage, or made fun of her, or threatened her, Eddie is the only one who listens to her without implying violence or coercion. Unlike Wayne, Eddie does not have sexually predatory designs on Willowbrook patients. Instead, he shows that he knew and cared for Rosemary, and is horrified by the abuse the residents suffer. When Eddie comes into the dayroom, “a gaunt woman in a grimy bathrobe limped over, grabbed Eddie’s arm, and began talking to him. It looked like she was begging” (106). This interaction depicts Eddie as the only reasonable staff member in Willowbrook—the only person who cares about the residents.
The contrast between Sage’s escapist retreat into memory and her frequent terrifying nightmares highlights The Dual Nature of Imagination. In the dayroom, Sage takes refuge in her memories of her friends and earlier happy life with her father and Rosemary. Her recollections allow her to hold on to her life before Willowbrook and therefore to maintain her sense of identity and hope for rescue. Her powerful imagination, however, becomes threatening when her fear takes over. In the hidden room, Sage nearly flees at her idea of the legend of Cropsey. Most nights, she dreams about the most disturbing elements of her life: Rosemary’s institutionalization, Rosemary and Tina’s torment at Willowbrook, and her mother’s betrayal.
Through the experiences of Tina and Norma, the novel portrays the torture and abuse of the real Willowbrook. First is the arbitrary nature of confinement: Tina is at the institution because of a burn injury, seemingly locked up so that her family doesn’t have to explain her facial difference rather than any serious mental illness. The ability of parents to consign unwanted children to this inescapable place reveals the horror of lost autonomy and self-determination. Second is the complete absence of treatment consent. After Tina has adjusted to Willowbrook and made connections with the other residents while staying out of trouble, she is forcibly given a lobotomy and left in a permanently near-comatose state. Lobotomies—in which an instrument reminiscent of an ice pick was hammered up a patient’s eye socket to sever the brain’s frontal lobe—were never shown to be effective mental illness treatment and were primarily used to subdue and control women and gay people. To add to the nightmare of this invasive procedure, Norma suggests that Tina was simply an unwilling test subject for a new doctor to learn on. This indicates the level of callousness of both individual staff and the directors of the institution. Third is the extreme vulnerability of the women trapped at Willowbrook. Norma, whose hallucinations and violent reactions are suggested to result from mistreatment more than her mental illness, is the victim of ongoing sexual predation from Wayne. Being raped intensifies her delusions, which become a coping mechanism. The institutional horror of Willowbrook robs its residents of agency and identity—in the novel as it did in real life.
By Ellen Marie Wiseman