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58 pages 1 hour read

Cormac McCarthy

The Crossing

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1994

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Part 2Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 2, Pages 129-159 Summary

Content Warning: This summary section contains mention of sexual assault.

Billy buries the wolf, then wanders on horseback for several weeks, relying on a homemade bow and the kindness of others to stay alive. In one village, a man calls him an orphan and warns him that he must “cease his wandering and make for himself some place in the world” (134). Billy ignores his warning and continues to drift through the half-settled wilds that are home to Indigenous and rural Mexican communities.

He comes to a destroyed town that was leveled by a terremoto (earthquake) and encounters a man who claims to be the caretaker of the church there. He invites Billy inside the ruined church, which is occupied by many cats. He declares that Billy is lost and feeds him. Then he launches into the story of why he came to this ruined town “seeking evidence for the hand of God in the world” (142):

The caretaker came to follow in the footsteps of a man from the town of Caborca. The man once lived in Huisiachepic with a wife and son. He took his son to Bavispe to stay with his padrino, and the boy was killed in an earthquake. The man became a wanderer like Billy, abandoning his wife and becoming a heretic. He eventually traveled to Caborca, where the church was barely standing due to flooding, and took up residence underneath a dome that was near collapse. The townspeople became fascinated with him, wondering “what God would do with such a man” (150). The priest began to visit each day. During their debates, the priest refused to stand under the unstable dome. The caretaker says this is the key difference between the two figures: the priest had nothing at stake. Through their debates, the heretic began to see God as a tragic figure because no one can bear witness to Him. The priest stopped visiting the heretic until he fell ill. The priest returned to find the townspeople treating the heretic reverentially, which moved the priest to come under the dome with him. The priest and the heretic held hands. The priest mistook this act for an invitation to confession, but the heretic said, “Save yourself,” and died (157).

The caretaker reveals that he is the priest in the story. He says that the only condolence the heretic had was to be buried with his relations in Caborca, and that life is “lived for the other only” (158). He tells Billy that all men are heretics and that there is only one story, with God as the witness. Billy mounts his horse, and the man asks if he will return to his family in America. Billy admits that he will.

Part 2, Pages 159-186 Summary

Billy rides back toward America, passing through ruined towns with hundreds of years of history. In Bacerac, a household takes him in and feeds him wordlessly, and in the morning, he thinks he sees his father’s horse. Finding no one, he writes his thanks in a dusting of flour and leaves, riding back through Bavispe and Colonia de Oaxaca, where he stops to spit on the alguacil’s house. He rides through the border crossing at Douglas, Arizona, where a guard named John Gilchrist loans him a half dollar. Billy promises to repay him when he returns home and asks Gilchrist how he likes America. Gilchrist says “I like it fine,” and Billy responds, “I do too” before riding off (163).

Billy rides through the night to get back home, but no one is there. He learns from Sanders there’s been an attack, and he turns his parents’ mattress over to find a large bloodstain, which causes him to weep.

Billy sleeps in the wilderness, then goes to the sheriff’s office, where he hears what the authorities think happened: In the night, Indigenous men slit the dog’s throat and killed Billy’s parents with a shotgun, stealing the horses and whatever else they could. Boyd ran away, and the dog survived but is mute. The sheriff produces documents recovered from the house, including a birth certificate for Margarita Evelyn Parham, Billy’s deceased sister. Billy wants to get Boyd, but the sheriff says that Boyd won’t be released into Billy’s custody. The sheriff asks what Billy traded his rifle for. Billy replies, “I aint sure I could put a name to it” (170).

Billy rides to the house Boyd is staying in. With no argument, Boyd helps Billy steal a shotgun and supplies from his hosts and rides out with him doubled up on Bird. The mute dog follows them and stays with them throughout their journey. Camping that night, Boyd mentions they’ll be hunted for robbing the family, and Billy says, “Maybe you better just get used to the idea of bein a outlaw” (172). Boyd tells Billy that the men who killed their parents knew his name. In the morning, a man rides out to them. Billy says they’re going to Douglas, Arizona, and the man says he’ll tell his boss they were just drifters, not the Parhams. In reality, the boys are going to Mexico to hunt the people who killed their parents.

On their journey, the two brothers are testy and questioning of each other. Billy sees an intense sadness in Boyd but doesn’t know how to address it. At the border crossing, Gilchrist isn’t there, so Boyd leaves a half dollar for him. When Boyd gets offended that Billy re-counted the change that Boyd handed him, Billy makes a point of saying it won’t happen again.

They get supplies and ride further South, with Billy trying to reassure Boyd that they’ll be okay. They ride for a week until they reach Bacerac and see one of their stolen horses, Keno. Billy makes Boyd ride Bird and Keno out of town while he sees who’s in the house, leaving the shotgun with Boyd. Inside, a funeral is going on. Billy confronts a man about Keno and learns the man is a German doctor with legitimate papers of ownership.

Billy returns to Boyd and tells him that he told the German doctor the truth. The German doctor has borrowed a new horse to hunt the men who sold him the stolen Keno. Billy believes they need to go to Casas Grandes next, and they go into town for directions. An old man draws them an elaborate map, but locals mock him after he leaves and tell Billy that the map is nonsense. Two locals debate whether a false map with good intentions is better than no map at all. As the two continue to argue about the philosophy of maps and that all journeys lead to the grave, another man takes Billy and Boyd out of town and shows them the path they need to travel through the mountains, saying the trip will take four days.

Part 2, Pages 187-214 Summary

The two boys ride into the mountains. That night, they bicker about whether the horses know they’re in Mexico. The next day they find a pasture to camp in, then wash their tattered clothes in a spring and sleep while they dry. They wake to find members of the Tarahumaras tribe watching them. The Tarahumara feed them without speaking to them and move on. Billy and Boyd ride on, passing the ancient ruin of Chichimeca, which is inhabited by squatters, then on to Casas Grandes.

Sitting at a café under the first electric lights they’ve seen on their journey, Boyd worries that getting Keno back was too easy. They camp outside of town, then in the morning go to the offices of a ganadero (rancher) named Soto. There, Billy encounters a man named Gillian. Billy says he’s looking for the man who provided Keno to him to sell. Gillian is suspicious and sees Boyd outside. Billy brings him in. Gillian questions Boyd, who tells him the story. Gillian doesn’t believe them, thinking himself an accomplished judge of the people who sell to him.

Gillian presents documents saying Keno was purchased in a lot at auction from La Babícora ranch. Gillian says the man who stole their horses may work for the owner, Hearst, and advises Boyd and Billy to return home. Billy listens to the man, but Boyd is angry. Gillian warns Billy that Boyd “is young enough to believe that the past still exists […] that the injustices within it await his remedy” (202). Billy doesn’t reveal his intentions to Gillian, but they leave.

They take the road to San Diego and pass a young woman who is crying. Billy offers her a ride, and she declines, and Boyd and Billy bicker. Later in the night, they pass her again, and Billy offers her a ride once more, which she again refuses. Further on, they encounter two men headed in the opposite direction, and they decide to wait to see that the woman is okay. When she doesn’t appear, Billy wants to go back.

They find the woman sitting with the two men by a fire. The men are unfriendly and make Boyd take the horses away from the camp. Then they question Billy’s intentions, ask how old he is, and try and get him to drink their mezcal. One of the men implies that they intend to rape the girl. Billy takes the bottle of mezcal and drinks most of it at the same moment Boyd makes all their horses run through the camp. Boyd charges in with the shotgun, and they rescue the girl, riding off into the night. The next morning, they wake to find that she has started the fire and made breakfast for them, though she doesn’t speak English and hasn’t spoken.

Part 2 Analysis

Several times in the novel, McCarthy halts the action of the main plot to depict a long story within the story. At first, the caretaker’s story about the heretic seems unrelated to the larger plot, but he asserts to Billy that all stories are related and suggests that the act of storytelling itself is where meaning comes from. Through the caretaker, McCarthy considers that the value of storytelling is its power to create the community that humanity needs to find purpose in life, ironically using a long digression to valorize a long digression. The caretaker also argues that his role as a priest was a failure because he didn’t have anything at stake: By working from the comfort of a settled life without grief or danger, he did not truly know the specificity of God.

The caretaker’s story, coupled with his kindness, has a profound effect on Billy. Before he meets the caretaker, there’s no clear indication he’ll be returning home any time soon, choosing instead to wander like the heretic from the caretaker’s story. The caretaker tells Billy “the lesson of a life can never be its own. Only the witness has power to take its measure. It is lived for the other only” (158). In the next scene, Billy has resolved to return home, and he makes the long journey back through the places he’s been in a symbolic attempt to reverse the pain he’s endured.

Instead of homecoming, Billy finds his parents killed, and it is strongly implied that their murder is related to the Indigenous man from Part 1 that Billy distrusted, disrespected, and never told his family about. The stranger on the road who referred to him as huérfano (orphan) was prophetic, and Billy’s belief that he spotted his father’s horse in Mexico is another bit of foreshadowing that tragedy has occurred in his absence. The only way for Billy to act upon the lesson he learned from the caretaker is to find his brother and behave in a way that gives them meaning: Becoming an outlaw and hunting the men who killed their family is the story that Billy wants to tell to and with his brother.

Recovering the family’s stolen horses is also a coping mechanism for Billy, who longs to see moral balance in the universe after his experience with the wolf. His emotional arc is grounded in The Nature of Meaning in an Indifferent Universe and his struggle to find it. The quest for the horses is also his attempt to make things right with Boyd; neither of them are capable of discussing the grief they’re experiencing, so Billy’s intention is to keep moving as much as possible and give their life purpose through action. In declaring themselves outlaws, the boys are pretending to have agency that they don’t truly have in the world, one that exists outside the disappointments Billy has experienced with traditional systems of justice, such as law enforcement on both sides of the border. Billy tries to maintain this illusion through emotional denial, criticizing Boyd for his sullenness. Billy is trying to avoid the fate he's been warned about by Don Arnulfo’s caretaker, the stranger he met while wandering, and the caretaker of the church who turned him back toward home. Resisting the fate of a detached wander, Billy attempts to tie himself to his brother and give them both a reason to go on. He knows too well what it is to be disillusioned by the world’s cruelty, and he won’t have his brother facing the same crisis, though it should be clear to the reader that this, too, is a “doomed enterprise.”

By the end of this section of the novel, Boyd is starting to chafe against his brother’s authority, and he’s starting to believe in the romantic outlaw story they’ve been telling themselves. Boyd decides to rescue the girl in danger while Billy waffles on a plan of action because he thinks it’s the right thing to do regardless of the danger. Boyd’s actions also speak to his desire to make sense of his life by protecting someone after no one was there to protect him. Moments like this one inform Billy’s opinion of Boyd at the end of the novel: He says more than once that his brother was better than him and more suited to the life they chose together. In this moment, it’s clear that Boyd believes in the narrative that Billy has been telling him: that justice is a worthwhile pursuit. It also hints at Boyd’s reckless bravery in the wake of what he’s lost, which will lead him to his own death.

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