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129 pages 4 hours read

Alexandre Dumas

The Count of Monte Cristo

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1844

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Chapters 31-36Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 31 Summary

Monte Cristo meets with a middle-aged man he identifies as the Marquis Bartolomeo Cavalcanti. The course of their interview makes clear that Monte Cristo is in fact coaching the man on a false identity Monte Cristo has paid him to assume. The biography of the “Marquis” establishes him as a member of a rich and noble Italian family, an ex-major in the Austrian army who hopes to be reunited with his lost son Andrea, the product of an early and secret marriage to a noblewoman who has since died. Monte Cristo coaches the Marquis on how to dress in Parisian society, explains that he has provided him with a uniform and medals, and presents him with documents proving that his early marriage was valid and that Andrea is therefore his legitimate heir.

Monte Cristo then introduces the man to his “son,” Viscount Andrea Cavalcanti, who is waiting in the next room. The young man playing Andrea Cavalcanti has already memorized his assumed biography, but he reacts with real fear when Monte Cristo says his father is present. Monte Cristo secretly observes the “reunion” of father and son. Andrea admires the quality of the forged documents v has provided, then presses Major Cavalcanti for details of how much Monte Cristo is paying him to play Andrea’s father. The major admits that he is obeying instructions given in a letter from Abbé Busoni (whom he has never met), and Andrea reveals that he received his instructions in a letter signed “Sinbad the Sailor,” delivered by Lord Wilmore. Monte Cristo then re-enters the room and asks them to join his dinner party at the house in Auteuil.

Chapter 32 Summary

Maximilien, who is secretly in love with Valentine, waits for her outside an iron gate in the Villeforts’ garden. Valentine is forced to delay their rendezvous because she is entertaining Eugénie, as Maximilien understands when he sees them walking in the garden. When she slips away to talk through the gate with Maximilien, she tells him that she and Eugénie were talking about how much they wished to avoid the marriages their parents have planned for them, in Eugénie’s case to Albert, and in Valentine’s to Albert’s friend, Franz d’Epinay.

Valentine, as the only child of Villefort’s first marriage, stands to inherit the fortune of her Saint-Méran grandparents, as well as that of her grandfather, Noirtier. Valentine says that Mme. Villefort would rather see her enter a convent, as then Valentine’s fortune would ultimately go to Mme. Villefort’s son, Edouard.

Chapter 33 Summary

Villefort and his wife go to speak with Noirtier, Villefort’s father. Noirtier lives in his own part of the house with his old servant, Barrois. He is almost completely paralyzed, but still has a sharp mind and can communicate using codes based on blinking, the alphabet, and a dictionary. The Villeforts have come to announce Valentine’s impending marriage to Franz d’Epinay. The old man expresses a strong negative reaction to the news.

The Villeforts observe that Franz is an orphan, as his mother died in childbirth and his father, a Royalist, was mysteriously assassinated in 1815. Villefort hints that marrying Valentine to Franz will allay any lingering suspicions that Noirtier played a role in the assassination.

Noirtier asks to see Valentine, to whom he is particularly close. Noirtier communicates his opposition to Valentine’s marriage, and she confesses she has no wish to marry Franz. Noirtier asks to see a notary and when one arrives, Noirtier has him draw up a new will disinheriting Valentine, making her a less attractive marriage prospect. Nevertheless, Villefort remains determined to see Valentine married to Franz.

Chapter 34 Summary

Leaving Noirtier, the Villeforts learn that Monte Cristo is waiting to see them. Monte Cristo invites them to dine at his house in Auteuil on Saturday. Villefort struggles to conceal his reaction while Mme. Villefort remarks that the house formerly belonged to the Marquis de Saint-Méran, her husband’s father-in-law during his first marriage, but that for some reason her husband never wished to live in it. Villefort nevertheless accepts Monte Cristo’s invitation. Monte Cristo then announces that he is going to visit a telegraph station. The almost supernatural quality of the telegraph fascinates him, and he wants to meet one of the operators who, he notes, are poorly paid. Villefort suggests visiting the telegraph line from Spain.

The next day, Debray tells Mme. Danglars that he has intercepted a telegraph announcing that Don Carlos, a pretender to the throne of Spain, has escaped from his exile in France and returned to lead an uprising against the current ruler. He urges Mme. Danglars to have her husband sell all his Spanish bonds. Danglars does this, at a financial loss. The price of Spanish bonds falls, then rebounds and even doubles on the news that the telegraph was a false report, deepening Danglars’s losses.

Chapter 35 Summary

The following Saturday, Monte Cristo’s friends, including Maximilien, Debray, Baron and Mme. Danglars, along with M. and Mme. Villefort, arrive at the house in Auteuil for dinner. Monte Cristo introduces them to the Cavalcantis, who are also present. When Danglars expresses curiosity about them, Monte Cristo tells him the Cavalcantis are an old and very wealthy family, and that Andrea hopes to find a French wife.

When Bertuccio sees the party, he recognizes Mme. Danglars as the young pregnant woman who once lived in the house and Villefort as the man he stabbed and thought he had killed. Finally, he recognizes Andrea de Cavalcanti as Benedetto, the infant rescued from burial in the garden and raised by Bertuccio’s sister.

Monte Cristo presents his guests with an “Oriental feast […] in the manner of Arabian fairy tales” (259), illustrating the motif of Orientalism and the tales of One Thousand and One Nights, both of which highlight the performative and fictional nature of Monte Cristo’s identity. One guest notes that the house stood abandoned and neglected for so long, it was as if it had been the scene of a crime. Monte Cristo agrees and insists on showing the company a room he finds particularly dramatic. He takes them to the bedroom connected to the garden by a secret staircase, and says it is easy to imagine it as the scene of crime, but he can also imagine it as the “honest” bedroom of a mother resting quietly after giving birth. At this point, Mme. Danglars faints. Monte Cristo revives her with the help of Faria’s red liquid and continues the tour in the garden. He tells his guests that his gardeners have uncovered a box holding the bones of a newborn infant. Seeing that Villefort and Mme. Danglars are close to breaking down, Monte Cristo leads his guests back inside for coffee. Villefort and Mme. Danglars hastily plan to meet the next day in Villefort’s office.

Chapter 36 Summary

As Andrea leaves Monte Cristo’s dinner party, he is stopped by a brutish-looking man who addresses him as Benedetto and asks to share Andrea’s ride back to Paris. Andrea dismisses his groom, so he and his passenger can talk in private. The man is Caderousse, who knew Andrea/Benedetto when they were in prison together. Caderousse is now a fugitive. Andrea correctly guesses that Caderousse intends to extort him. Caderousse asks for 200 francs a month, enough to let him live like a “retired baker,” reading the papers at a café during the day and attending the theater at night like a respectable retiree. Andrea reaches for the gun he carries in his pocket, but Caderousse sees this and opens the knife he carries. They reach Paris, where Caderousse disappears, wearing the hat and coat he has taken from Andrea.

Chapters 31-36 Analysis

These chapters reveal the complex web of relationships between the people in Monte Cristo’s circle as Monte Cristo begins to enact his revenge. Maximilien is revealed as the secret lover of Valentine, whose father intends to marry her to Albert’s friend Franz. Villefort hints that he suspects his father, Noirtier, of having played a role in the assassination of Franz’s father 20 years before, a situation that reintroduces the motif of Bonapartist politics. Meanwhile, Mme. Danglars is recognized by Bertuccio as the mother of Benedetto, while Benedetto has been introduced to their circle by Monte Cristo in the guise of Andrea Cavalcanti. Benedetto was also once a fellow prisoner alongside Caderousse.

Monte Cristo works on his former enemies by using their own weaknesses and secrets against them. He uses his knowledge of Mme. Danglars’s reliance on Debray for inside news about the market to make Danglars lose money. He also indicated to Mme. Danglars and Villefort that he knows about the attempted infanticide of their child born outside of marriage.

Monte Cristo’s own character and self-image are less of a focus in these chapters. However, the “Oriental” feast he provides for his guests continues the motif of Orientalism, presenting Monte Cristo as non-Western and playing on the characters’ biases of the “Orient” as mysterious. The theme of Rebirth and Reinvention manifest themselves in other characters in these chapters as well, such as Monte Cristo’s invention of Benedetto as Andrea. Caderousse also returns and dreams of reinventing himself yet again as a respectable retiree, living off the money he intends to collect from Benedetto as the price of concealing his true identity.

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