63 pages • 2 hours read
Haruki MurakamiA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
In the walled-in town, the protagonist walks to the library. He stops when he notices a strange boy standing on the other side of the river, wearing a parka with the Yellow Submarine on it. The boy watches the protagonist, and the protagonist finds it odd that no one walking by takes notice of the boy. When the protagonist passes the clock with no hands, he reflects on how unimportant time is in the town, each day the same as the next. At the library, he tells the girl about the boy and asks if he is new. The girl tells him that the protagonist is the last person to enter the town, and that there are no new people. She points out that it looks like something bit the protagonist’s earlobe, and when the protagonist reaches to touch it, pain rushes in. He wonders what bit him as she applies a salve.
The next day, the protagonist sees Yellow Submarine Boy in the same place, watching him like he did the day before. That night, after closing the library, the protagonist walks the girl from the library home, but cannot sleep through the night, woken by the pain in his ear and thoughts of the Yellow Submarine Boy.
When the protagonist walks to the library the next night, Yellow Submarine Boy is not beside the river, unsettling the protagonist even more. He begins to suspect some kind of connection between the boy and his ear. The ear is more swollen and painful, and the dreams reject the protagonist that night. After closing the library, the girl refuses to be walked home for the first time since the protagonist arrived, saying she needs to think. The protagonist suffers insomnia again that night and decides he must heal his ear and get Yellow Submarine Boy out of his mind.
The protagonist wakes up in the middle of the night to find Yellow Submarine Boy standing in his room, looking over him. The protagonist cannot move and cannot speak, but the boy can read his mind. Yellow Submarine Boy explains that he made it into the town by passing through the wall, bypassing the Gatekeeper. He left his shadow deep in the woods and is here to ask the protagonist to join with him and become one, so the boy can become a Dream Reader.
Yellow Submarine Boy shares that he was born to be a Dream Reader but could not be one in the other world. He says that he and the protagonist were once one, and if they join together, they will be restored to their original forms. This way, Yellow Submarine Boy can read dreams while the protagonist goes about his life, seeing the girl. Yellow Submarine Boy tells the protagonist that he must bite the protagonist’s other ear lobe to join together. He already bit the protagonist’s earlobe in the real world, which brought him to the town. The protagonist agrees to join as one, and Yellow Submarine Boy bites his earlobe. The protagonist falls into a deep sleep.
When the protagonist wakes up in the morning, he checks his earlobes and finds them unmarked, with no pain. It is as if Yellow Submarine Boy never bit them, though the protagonist knows he did, their interactions too real to be a dream. He searches for any changes within himself, having joined as one with the boy. Upon reflection, the protagonist realizes that if they become one person together, there is no separate part of him that is Yellow Submarine Boy.
At the library that night, the girl is astounded that the protagonist’s ears have healed. When he goes to read old dreams, the protagonist cannot hear their words, and he realizes that Yellow Submarine Boy is reading them. The protagonist wakes the dreams up, and Yellow Submarine Boy reads them. They read five dreams that night, more than ever before. On their walk home, the girl is excited about this new progress. After dropping her off, the protagonist reaches deep within himself to ask if Yellow Submarine Boy is there, but gets no answer.
Yellow Submarine Boy meets the protagonist in his sleep, in a small room with nothing but a short candle on a table. Yellow Submarine Boy explains that this place is the protagonist’s consciousness, and the only place they can be separate and speak with each other, until the candle goes out. The protagonist asks if the boy read the dreams. Yellow Submarine Boy explains that he can understand the dreams in a way the protagonist cannot, and that he came to this world to do so, reading being his life mission. He also shares that while he can read them, he cannot wake them up. The protagonist can, and combined, they make the perfect team. The protagonist asks how long this partnership will last, and Yellow Submarine Boy dismisses the question as irrelevant, since time does not move in the walled-in town. Time repeats, and does not accumulate, meaning their partnership will always exist in the present.
Spring arrives, and the protagonist and Yellow Submarine Boy continue as one. Now they can read up to seven dreams a night, and the girl is thoroughly impressed. One night, in the room of the protagonist’s consciousness, Yellow Submarine Boy brings up a quote from an old book he once read: “Anyone can climb up coconut trees using their legs, but no one’s ever climbed up higher than a coconut tree” (433). He believes that himself and the protagonist are climbing higher than a coconut tree, into the nothingness above it. He argues that because time has no meaning in the town, they can do so. He worries that if they leave, or if time gains meaning, they will fall and die. He explains to the protagonist, though, that the fall will not be fatal if they believe someone will catch them. Yellow Submarine Boy has no one to catch him, and though the protagonist tries to imagine who would save him, no face appears.
After their conversation about the coconut tree, the protagonist begins to feel strange, as though his heart and will are moving in different directions. He and Yellow Submarine Boy talk in his consciousness often, though less frequently as they grow more united. When the protagonist brings up how he feels pulled in different directions, Yellow Submarine Boy tells him that his time to leave the town is coming. He explains that the protagonist’s heart wants to reunite with his shadow that left the town long ago. Yellow Submarine Boy reveals that he knows the protagonist’s shadow and believes it does a great job of standing in.
The protagonist is concerned that he and his shadow and have switched roles. Yellow Submarine Boy assures him that it does not matter if he and his shadow switch places, instead emphasizing that they will fit together. He encourages the protagonist to follow his heart. Yellow Submarine Boy will take over as Dream Reader, assuring the protagonist that the town will change to accommodate him, needing him and his abilities. The dreams warm up to him, and he believes he can open them now.
Finally, Yellow Submarine Boy explains that once the protagonist wants to leave, all he must do is wish it with his heart, blow out the candle on the table between them, and believe that his shadow will catch him in the real world. He tells the protagonist that his heart is like a bird and the wall cannot stop him if his heart flies over it. The protagonist asks for some time to think, and Yellow Submarine Boy reminds him he has all the time he needs in the town with no time.
Every night, when the protagonist walks the girl from the library home, he says “See you tomorrow” (442). On the last night he walks her home, he says “Farewell” (442). The girl does not expect this and looks at him in an odd way. He believes she looks different, but believes this transformation reflects his own changes. She says farewell, and as he walks away, the protagonist wonders if she will also disappear when he leaves the town, as though she were in the library to reflect his reality.
The protagonist and Yellow Submarine Boy meet for the final time. Yellow Submarine Boy says goodbye to the protagonist and reminds him to believe that his shadow will catch him. He says that the protagonist believing in his shadow is the same as believing in himself. The protagonist readies himself and blows out the candle on the table. A deep darkness surrounds him.
The protagonist’s world in the walled-in town grows stranger in Part 3 with the introduction of Yellow Submarine Boy. The boy’s presence disrupts the protagonist’s existence in the town and leads him to debate the nature of his reality within the walls. After the boy appears, the protagonist dreams of him biting his ear. When the protagonist wakes up, he considers whether what happened is real, convinced it was even if it was a dream: “That awful pain was real when he sunk his teeth into my left earlobe […] and I could reproduce, word for word, our entire conversation. That couldn’t be a dream” (423). Even though the event happens in an illusory environment, the experience is too real for the protagonist to discount. He trusts his senses and memory to determine what is real, leaving him in an uncertain space. This experience leads the protagonist to further accept the notion that there is not one, definite reality: “[T]here isn’t just one reality. Reality is something you have to choose by yourself, out of several possible alternatives” (423). With this realization, he moves closer to resolving an internal debate about the nature of reality that has defined his character arc throughout the novel. Having struggled to come up with criteria for determining what is real, he now believes that reality is a choice, and that each person builds their own reality through their experiences and perceptions. His experiences in the illusory world of the walled-in town reflect how The Intersection of Reality and Imagination impacts the protagonist. After this experience, the protagonist’s understanding of reality shifts, and he approaches the boy and his future in a newly informed way.
The City and Its Uncertain Walls is a novel of contradictions. The greatest of these contradictions is the difference in time between the real world and in the walled-in town. In the walled-in town, time exists, but it has no meaning. Every day is like the day before and the next. Seasons occur, but time remains frozen, as no one ages, and nothing changes. Yellow Submarine Boy explains the impact of this situation to the protagonist, demonstrating precisely how they feel The Interdependence of Time, Memory, and Identity: “[W]here’s there’s no time there’s no accumulation […]. Imagine turning pages in a book. The pages change but the page numbers do not. There’s no logical connection between the new page and the previous one” (430-31). Yellow Submarine Boy compares the passing of time in the walled-in town to the experience of turning pages in a book while the page numbers never change and the story does not progress. This situation does not allow experiences to accumulate or one day to connect to the next. This creates a stagnant environment in which people not only do not age but do not grow. Without the accumulation of time, life loses meaning. There is no growth, there is no progress, and it becomes harder for the protagonist to understand himself and others, leading his heart to leave.
The protagonist deals with heartbreak throughout the novel, constantly experiencing the effects of the loss of his teenage girlfriend. By then end of the novel, however, he begins to heal. In the real world, the coffee shop woman sparks this change as the two grow closer and he reevaluates his relationship to love. In the walled-in town, the arrival of Yellow Submarine Boy changes him, and his heart soon wants to return to his shadow. The protagonist’s heart split in two when his teenage girlfriend disappeared, and with this reunion, it becomes whole again. Yellow Submarine Boy describes the change in the protagonist’s heart as something serious: “Yes, that’s right. Your heart is wanting to leave this town. Or rather, it needs to leave. I’ve been feeling this for a while and have been keeping a close watch on your wavering heart” (438). After so much time split in half, with one half waiting for his teenage girlfriend, the protagonist’s heart is ready to be whole, forcing him to reunite with his shadow and be whole again. The protagonist’s fracturing into two beings in two separate worlds is a result of Heartbreak as a Source of Lasting Transformation, as he compartmentalizes a part of himself to wait for the love of his life, staying frozen in his adolescence. Now, after his multi-reality journey, the protagonist is ready to finally adopt a single identity.
By Haruki Murakami