63 pages • 2 hours read
Haruki MurakamiA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
The protagonist recovers from his fever and returns to the library. He struggles with the dreams, managing to read only three a night. He cannot understand exactly what they say to him. The girl tells him he is doing better, and that the fever is expected. Winter finally arrives, and beasts begin dying in the cold and snow. Every day, the Gatekeeper and shadows go out to collect their corpses and burn them. On a cloudy day, the protagonist visits his shadow. The shadow is shrinking, working hard with the Gatekeeper. It warns the protagonist that it will eventually die, and that if he ever wants to go back to reality, they will need each other.
That summer, the protagonist and his girlfriend talk of nothing but the town. She paints a picture for him, both of how it looks and what its community is like. She claims she was there as a child, and that her real self remains. In the fall, her letters stop coming, and the boy grows nervous. He calls her house but cannot reach her. As the year comes to an end, the protagonist realizes he knows nothing about her, yet yearns for her constantly. Time marches on until finally, he receives another letter.
South of the walled-in town, the river forms a pool. The protagonist hears that under it, extending out past the wall, is a system of caves and dark tunnels. The girl from the library warns him that the pool calls to people, and anyone who enters it is sucked under, never to be seen again. He convinces her to take him there, and at the pool, he feels an urge to dive in.
Afterward, the old man tells him that his shadow is dying. The protagonist visits his shadow, and it explains that it cannot survive without the protagonist. The shadow questions whether the girl the protagonist seeks here is actually the real girl and not a shadow of her. The shadow wants them to jump in the pool, saying it is the only way to the real world. It chastises the protagonist for avoiding the real world, telling him he needs to accept the flow of time in the real world. The shadow suggests that time works differently in the walled-in town and that the unicorns die so no one else here does.
The protagonist opens his girlfriend’s letter. He reads that she is struggling and cannot leave the house or even speak. She tells him more about the walled-in town, explaining that when she was three, she was separated from her real self. She was pushed out of the town, raised by the parents she has now. Now, she is fading. She tells him she was honest about wanting to be one with him, and hopes that a day will come soon that she can write again. It is the last letter she writes.
The protagonist and the girl work in the library every day. The town has no days of the week and no days off. One night, the protagonist has a dream in which he leads a patrol of soldiers in a war. They watch a group of people, all dressed in white, who follow a man as he walks off a cliff. They all calmy fall to their deaths. When the protagonist asks why they did it, one soldier suggests that “Probably they wanted to obliterate their minds” (94). One night as they sit together, the protagonist tells the girl that his shadow is dying and that he is worried it will change him. She tells him not to worry, that it is necessary and that everyone is impressed with him.
After receiving the girl’s last letter, the protagonist keeps writing, receiving no word back. He calls her house, but the number is disconnected. He knows he cannot continue to do nothing while he waits, and he goes to college in Tokyo. Despite the physical distance, he makes no friends and thinks of her constantly, living through memories of her. During summer break, he goes back to the park and even looks up her house. She is nowhere, and another family now lives where she once did.
The protagonist visits his shadow and finds it ailing, near death. The shadow asks to be reunited, suggesting that the town is actually a town filled with shadows. It hypothesizes that the real bodies are ripped from the shadows and exiled, meaning the real girlfriend is in the real world. The protagonist is still skeptical about reuniting, and his shadow suggests that the town, which both think is alive, is working against him. The protagonist asks his shadow why he thinks they need him as Dream Reader. The shadow believes that old dreams are actually seeds of emotion from the real people, and they need a real person, with emotions and empathy, to soothe them and destroy them before they destroy the town.
After receiving the final letter and not hearing from the girl in so long, the protagonist becomes lost. As he reaches his 18th birthday, he wonders what happened to the girl and feels abandoned and worthless. As he ages, he cannot move on from her, waiting with no direction of where he should go or who he should become.
Dreams do not become any clearer to the protagonist. As he walks the girl home, he tells her that he may be leaving the town with his shadow. He also tells her that he met a version of her outside the town. She assures him her shadow died, but he tells her he loved that girl and came here to see her. The girl tells him they are not the same, and the protagonist agrees.
When the protagonist turns 20, he realizes that he must change his life or be lost. He struggles to make friends but graduates and finds a job. Though he tries romance, the idea that his girlfriend may return, combined with the fear that any woman could just disappear, prevents him from having a serious relationship. Soon the man is 40, his life unfulfilling. When he is 45, he falls into a hole, and when he wakes, the Gatekeeper stands over him, telling him he had better move, because he is in the hole he burns the unicorns in.
The protagonist visits his shadow while the Gatekeeper is out burning dead unicorns. The shadow is on the verge of death, but excited that the protagonist has finally decided to leave. The protagonist wants to leave now and carries the shadow on his back to the pool. Just as they are about to reach the pool, the wall appears and threatens the protagonist, saying it will always be in his way. The shadow assures the protagonist that it is just a trick and to walk through it.
The protagonist and shadow make it through the wall to the pool. They rest, and the protagonist asks the shadow why the town lies about the pool being deadly. The shadow explains that the town must equalize its contradictions, such as allowing the beasts to die so no one else does. The fear created by the lie about the pool keeps people from leaving the town. The protagonist tells the shadow to go without him, saying he must stay.
The shadow asks if the protagonist is serious or just scared to jump in. The protagonist explains that there is nothing in the other world for him, and that if he is to be alone, he wants to do it in the town, where he has responsibilities. The shadow realizes that the protagonist hopes to find his girlfriend’s dream remnant and read it. The protagonist tells the shadow to go, to be him in the real world for as long as he can. The shadow agrees and jumps in, never to resurface. The protagonist walks back to his house, and when night falls, he goes to the library.
The loss of the protagonist’s high school girlfriend influences him even as an adult, propelling him into the walled-in town in search of her. When his shadow in the walled-in town begins to die and fade, they consider leaving the walled-in town for reality again. As they debate, the protagonist’s shadow questions the protagonist’s motivations, voicing skepticism about The Intersection of Reality and Imagination: “Maybe what’s in the world outside is the real girl, and what’s here is merely a shadow. If that’s true, then what’s the point of remaining in this world of made-up stories and contradictions?” (87). While the protagonist is in the imaginary world of the walled-in town, the lines between what is real and not real begin to blur. The protagonist now knows two worlds and two very different versions of the same girl. The girl from the library, supposedly the real version of his teenage girlfriend, does not know him and holds no emotional attachment to him. The shadow therefore suggests that the girl outside, who knew and loved him, may in fact be the real version of the girl. This argument implies that memory, love, and the inevitability of loss—all conditions that don’t exist in the walled-in town—are the conditions that constitute reality.
The protagonist’s doomed love for his high school girlfriend is defined by The Interdependence of Time, Memory, and Identity. Even as he is falling in love with her, he understands that time does not stop and will not spare them. Only much later does he begin to realize that this impermanence is the condition that makes their love possible in the first place. After he loses his girlfriend, he becomes frozen in time, waiting for her to reappear. He finally decides to move away from his town and continue his life, so as not to let time pass by and solidify him in this state: “At the same time, I had a kind of premonition that if I continued my life as it was, I couldn’t hold myself together, and would lose something crucial inside” (98). The protagonist is aware that he will carry this heartbreak through time, and that the more time that passes from the initial pain, the harder it will be to change himself. His decision to change his life course demonstrates that he is cognizant of how time consolidates character. He keeps his hopes of a reunion alive but decides to move with time rather than freeze in a moment. He is aware of who he is and who he may become as time progresses and wants to move forward, for his own survival.
The protagonist’s life is forever altered by this early heartbreak, demonstrating the power of Heartbreak as a Source of Lasting Transformation. He transforms into a new person, dominated by the heartbreak he feels. He struggles to cope with her vanishing from his life, this struggle impacts his identity and everyday life. The protagonist struggles to redirect his intense feelings of love for his girlfriend somewhere else: “My days were rambling and vague, as if I were walking in a daze through thick clouds. All because I’d lost you. Because the strong desire I had had been left unfulfilled” (110). He compares his days to being lost in thick clouds, demonstrating that he cannot see ahead of himself, into the future, and cannot determine which direction is the right way to go. He still has love for her, but without her to direct it at, he feels unable to move on. He does not know how to manage his grief and worries that it will change him: “If I go on living like this, my body and mind will fall apart and if, someday, you were to come back to me, I wouldn’t be able to accept you anymore” (110). Even as he tries to change his life, the protagonist seeks to remain untouched by time, to remain the same person he was when he lost her. He begins constructing a life and identity geared specifically toward her return, so that he is always ready to welcome her back. This is an impossible task, and one that threatens to leave him trapped inside an imaginary world while the real world moves on without him.
By Haruki Murakami