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72 pages 2 hours read

Ta-Nehisi Coates

The Beautiful Struggle

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2008

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Chapters 7-8Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 7 Summary: “Bamboo earrings, at least two pair”

Chapter 7 opens with Coates’s account of his failed romantic endeavors. He explains that he “was born under a lame sign” (184). He describes how the girls in his spheres would act: “Girls of Knowledge would shoot a nigger down without so much as eye contact, because they knew every smile […] compromised security” (186). Coates, at 17 years old, is coasting through his senior year with a 1.8 GPA, which is offset by his natural aptitude for standardized testing.

Coates meets Ebony, the girl “at the front of the class, [who] knew all the answers” (187). She was “black and beautiful like her name […] and […] this made her prominent to [him]” (188). She is Conscious and always laughing.

Coates’s djembe obsession continues in the dance studio, as “nothing short of religion can explain the molten feeling [he] derived from it all” (191). He even builds his own djembe, “a giant step toward seeing more” (192). That year, Coates’s PSAT scores are good enough that Mecca—Howard University—sends him a letter. He wants to get in but feigns nonchalance for fear he won’t.

Big Bill is still at Howard, struggling in school but now at least attempting to get better grades. When he gets a C plus average, their father is ecstatic. Coates continues his relationship with Ebony, and his grades “improved in direct proportion to the time [he] spent around her” (197). When she leaves a love note for him, “written in that vague, noncommittal way of a girl who wants you to know what she feels but wants to protect herself all the same” (197–198), he doesn’t recognize it as such.

Still, at school, he keeps improving, with an English teacher telling him he might have a gift for writing. He doesn’t show up for the graduation ceremony, but finally he graduates and has an acceptance to Morgan State.

Soon, Coates’s father reveals he is in a relationship with Jovett and is leaving Coates’s mother. Coates is upset but “said nothing, just nodded [his] head and listened until it was time to drive away” (203). 

Chapter 8 Summary: “Use your condom, take sips of the brew”

Coates’s final chapter opens with a broader critique of his father’s parenting style, in which he describes that “father was dictatorship, that its subjects were at the mercy of a tyrannical God” (206). He explains how with all of his father’s intense rules, “[his] mother had fallen out of step with the world she once knew” (207). When Coates’s father decides to open his marriage, it’s just another bizarre experience that Coates has come to expect.

He will soon be free of it all after high school. He is deep in his obsession with djembe, and his spring recital happens the same week as his drivers’ ed classes. Drumming makes Coates feel alive: “That whole summer I felt on” (215). He feels fine going to Morgan State, but his mother continues to press Howard to admit Coates. He finally receives the admission packet, and his mother “laughed in that loud, joyous, voluminous way that is the signature of all her proper sisters” (218). Coates still wants to go to Morgan State, but his father forces him to go to Mecca.

Coates describes arriving at Howard and pulling up to find Big Bill: “He had never looked so at ease” (221). Menelik, Coates’s younger brother, is still at home, but “the air and water just weren’t the same” (22). Life is easier, and the “old rules were falling away” (222). Coates describes a final scene of a Fourth of July BBQ, now that his father’s rules are less strict. They are playing with water guns, and Coates sees baby Menelik: “I saw my brother, small and shirtless, clutching a baby water pistol […] he raised the iron at an oblivious target, smiled, and fired” (223). 

Chapters 7-8 Analysis

Coates’s final two chapters show a boy truly on the precipice of becoming a man, with a father and brother who continue to change into ever newer versions of themselves—never perfect, but always evolving. Coates’s focus on his relationship to girls is interesting in the ways it still positions teenage romantic encounters as secondary to teenage self-actualization. Coates’s failures at romantic entanglements feel important to him at the time, but they remain second to his love for the djembe, his relationship to his family, and his aspirations for the future.

Both of these chapters reveal an optimistic relationship to the future; whereas the prior chapters have been deep in the trials and tribulations of growing up in Baltimore, these chapters show Coates edging toward adulthood, and his excitement for the liberation it comes with is palpable.

Contradiction is also a key theme that arises in these chapters, especially with regard to Coates’s father. Despite his strict parenting style and intense dedication to the cause of black liberation, Coates’s father is loose with his love and romantic encounters. When he opens his marriage to Coates’s mother Linda to pursue a relationship with their friend Jovett, the contradictions of his ethic are made apparent to Coates, and the reader is made to understand the complexity of his character.

The last scene of the memoir focuses on Coates’s younger brother Menelik, who has largely been left out of the memoir. Coates’s use of the imagistic anecdote of the Fourth of July backyard BBQ allows him to draw connections to many of the themes explored throughout the book: gun violence via water guns, coming of age via the image of his brother, cultural traditions (or lack thereof) via the potato salad he describes. Leaving the reader with this loaded image, Coates implies that the struggles of the younger generation will be different, but still beautiful. 

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