34 pages • 1 hour read
Sy MontgomeryA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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Grandin is an adult, on a farm, lying down among cows. She explains that she understands cattle, including what calms them, what makes them afraid, and how to be safe around them. Indeed, she states, “I see the world an awful lot like a cow” (60).
During high school, Grandin’s parents divorced, and her mother remarried. She sent Grandin to work on her new husband’s sister’s cattle ranch in Arizona because she thought the physical activity would be good for Grandin. Immediately, Grandin fell in love with life on the ranch, and enjoyed working with her hands. For instance, she built a gate that can be opened from inside a car and then shut automatically after going through it. Grandin was also intrigued by a cattle chute, a device that gently clamps down on cattle to hold them securely and calmly in place while they are getting vaccines.
Curious about the squeeze machine cattle chute after seeing how it calmed the cows, Grandin wanted to try it out herself. She asked her Aunt Ann to let her try it. Inside the machine, Grandin felt calm, and the effect lasted for a while. Realizing the machine could help her with her anxiety attacks, Grandin builds her own squeeze machine back at school. The school psychologist was opposed to the machine, and said it was the product of Grandin’s sick mind. However, Mr. Carlock, Grandin’s science teacher, defended her. He suggested she build a better one and run experiments to see how different people feel about the machine.
Grandin convinces her friend Jackie and others to try out the squeeze machine, and she scientifically records their reactions. At the time, the idea of a person with autism working on such a project was controversial. Some experts believed that the fixations people with autism had, like Grandin’s curiosity about the cattle chute, needed to be eliminated to make them “normal.” However, Mr. Carlock and a few others thought of using the fixations as motivation. This approach worked for Grandin. Focusing on the squeeze machine and her attempts to test and improve it scientifically led Grandin to become more interested in school. She ultimately graduated second in her high school class.
After high school, Grandin enrolled in Franklin Pierce College, a small school that was near her high school. While there, she studied psychology, and even did a senior thesis research project on the squeeze machine. Grandin wanted to study animal behavior. She decided to go to Arizona State University (ASU) after graduating to college to work on a master’s degree in animal science. At ASU, Grandin proposed doing a research project on the behavior of cattle in chutes. However, the animal science professors at ASU rejected the idea. Grandin was determined to pursue her project, however, so she went to ASU’s department of industrial construction and found other professors who would support her work.
As part of her research project, Grandin planned to study cattle at feed yards. She wrote an article for the magazine Arizona Farmer Ranchman that was well-received and earned her respect. However, when Grandin arrived at the Scottsdale Feed Yard, the workers would not let her in because they were against the idea of a woman who they considered strange entering their feed yard. Angry but determined, Grandin immediately went to the offices of Arizona Farmer Ranchman and asked for a job writing a monthly column. As part of this job, she received a press pass that allowed her to enter and observe feed yards. Grandin went back to the Scottsdale Feed Yard and used the press pass to enter and conduct her observations.
During her observations at feed yards, Grandin was harassed. Animal guts were smeared on her car, and she was led on tours of blood vats instead of the cattle chutes. Workers at the feed yards wanted to scare Grandin off by grossing her out. After Grandin began developing designs for cattle chutes and other systems and equipment, other workers began sabotaging her designs so that they would not work properly. Throughout all these challenges, Grandin did not give up. She stomped through pools of blood so that the workers would not bother to harass her again and used her attention to detail to see when workers sabotaged her designs and make sure the problem did not happen again.
Grandin’s persistence paid off. Grandin understood how animals felt and what scared them, and taught others what she knew. Her designs for cattle equipment and systems caught on once people in the industry could see that they worked well, saved money, and above all helped workers treat cattle humanely.
As Grandin adjusts to the environment of her boarding school in New Hampshire, another event arises that fundamentally shapes her experiences. Her mother again displays her intuitive sense for what would be good for Grandin when she suggests that her daughter spend time at a ranch in Arizona. Indeed, Grandin thrives on the physical activity required at the ranch. The chance to work with her hands serves both her creative urges and the soothing effects of movement that were already suggested in the descriptions of Grandin’s twirling in the book’s earliest chapters.
Equally important to the physical activity, or even more so, the chance to work with animals on the ranch made a very strong impression on Grandin. She seemed to have a natural interest in animals, which Temple Grandin suggests in earlier chapters that discuss her liking to draw animals and to ride horses at boarding school. Yet the experiences at the ranch were even more hands-on, as Grandin had a direct role in caring for the cattle.
These activities led Grandin to discover an object pivotal in her life: the cattle chute. Her curiosity about this machine that gently squeezed cattle to keep them calm became a transformative moment, when the asked if such a device would be helpful to her. Grandin’s insight that the cattle chute could help her cope with her feelings of anxiety are yet another sign of her ability to overcome challenges in creative and unexpected ways. Yet the reactions others around her had to the contraption are additional reminders that Grandin and her ideas were not easily accepted. For example, the school psychologist at Hampshire Country School was opposed to Grandin’s plan to create her own cattle chute, calling it “the product of a ‘sick’ mind” (65). While Grandin was away from her mother at boarding school, she found a person who was just as supportive, in Mr. Carlock, her science teacher. Like Grandin’s mother, Mr. Carlock had an open mind, and was committed to finding ways to support Grandin.
Instead of viewing the cattle chute as a negative fixation, Mr. Carlock realized that it could motivate Grandin. Indeed, by encouraging her to approach the development of her own squeeze machine scientifically, Mr. Carlock helped Grandin overcome her academic struggles. She became more focused and successful in school, and later in college. Thus, when she began graduate school at Arizona State University, she built up the confidence to persist when her professors resisted the idea of her research project to study the behavior of cattle in chutes. At that point, Grandin emerged as a full adult, combining her knowledge, persistence, and creativity to find a unique solution to this resistance. By leveraging her association with the Arizona Farmer Ranchman journal, she gained access to the Scottsdale Feed Yard, which attempted to ban her from the yard, and thus could pursue her research. Grandin used her skills to persist when faced with discrimination at the Scottsdale Feed Yard and elsewhere. In this way, Grandin was as committed to fighting for her rights as a woman and person with autism as much as she was committed to learning more about animal behavior and improving the treatment of cattle.
By Sy Montgomery