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112 pages 3 hours read

Karen Russell

St. Lucy's Home for Girls Raised by Wolves

Fiction | Short Story Collection | Adult | Published in 2005

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Themes

Growing Up

Almost all of the stories in this collection feature child characters who wish to grow up. All but one of the stories (the exception is “Out to Sea”) features a child protagonist, and eight of these are from the first-person perspective of these children. The narrative implies or states that most of the children are 12 or 13 years old, in the uncertain in-between time after true childhood and before adulthood.

Author Karen Russell places most of these characters right at the cusp of childhood and describes the contradictory feeling of fear and curiosity that children feel when confronted with the adult world they do not yet understand but will soon enter. In Ava’s words from the first story, this is the “peculiar knot of fear and wonder and anger, the husk that holds my whole childhood” (5). Big Red from “City of Shells” feels that same anticipation and fear, which is described as “that unshucked, unsafe feeling. It was with her all the time, now” (176).

This sense, the knowing that there is something dark and difficult to come without knowing exactly what it entails, is the main subject that Russell tries to capture in almost every story. Most of the characters—almost all of them children—teeter on this edge and, by the end of each tale, have fallen over it in one form or another. Often, some trauma or difficult event triggers this entrance into the beginnings of adulthood.

For example, it’s implied that Ava in the first story was sexually assaulted by a stranger on the property; she has her first sexual experience, which she had wanted, but it is a dark, traumatic event. Conversely, Ollie in “The Star-Gazer’s Log of Summer-Time Crime” almost commits sexual assault and realizes that the crime they are committing in stealing sea turtles is not harmless or funny. In fact, it will result in the deaths of hundreds of baby turtles, a consequence he cannot undo. In “Accident Brief, Occurrence # 00/422,” Tek becomes stranded on a glacier with little hope of rescue before he realizes that he had previously been acting childishly.

In many of the stories, this transition to adulthood also reveals a kind of loneliness for the characters. In “Z. Z.’s Sleep-Away Camp for Disordered Dreamers,” Elijah realizes that he cannot share sleep with anyone, not Emma and not Ogli any longer. He must confront his nightmares alone. In “St. Lucy’s Home for Girls Raised by Wolves,” one of the things Claudette learns is to stop thinking of herself as part of a pack and instead have concern primarily for herself. Although he is not a child, even Sawtooth in “Out to Sea” ends the story confronted with his own isolation.

Broken Families

Virtually every story in the collection features a broken or dysfunctional family of some kind. In many cases, the protagonist child characters come from single-family homes, often due to the death of one parent.

Ava in “Ava Wrestles the Alligator” has lost her mother and her father is absent, leaving her and her sister with their grandfather. In “The Star-Gazer’s Log of Summer-Time Crime,” Ollie’s father raises him and Molly alone, and is oblivious to his son’s exploits. Reg is also the son of a single father in “Lady Yeti and the Palace of Artificial Snows.” In “Z. Z.’s Sleep-Away Camp for Disordered Dreamers,” Elijah is being raised by a single mother, as he only ever mentions his mom. Additionally, although Sawtooth is not a child in “Out to Sea,” his wife is seemingly long dead.

Several characters are the product of a broken home in which a parent has remarried to someone the child does not like. In “The City of Shells,” Big Red hates her stepfather Mr. Pappadakis and hopes that he will die soon. Likewise, Tek despises Mr. Oamaru and everything that he represents in “Accident Brief, Occurrence # 00/422.”

In the rest of the stories, both parents are still with their families, but are absent or dysfunctional, nonetheless. In “Haunting Olivia,” Timothy’s parents have a crumbling marriage due to Olivia’s death and cope by leaving their sons alone to go travel to the Third World. In “St. Lucy’s Home for Girls Raised by Wolves,” Claudette’s werewolf parents are together but send their children away for education as humans, breaking the family for good. Finally, Asterion and Velina remain together and with their children in “from Children’s Reminiscences of the Westward Migration,” but their marriage crumbles as a result of the Trail, and Jacob witnesses (but does not understand) their bond failing.

In all cases, the result of these broken and dysfunctional families is that the children must deal with the trauma of being alone and entering adulthood by themselves, enhancing the ongoing exploration of loneliness throughout all the stories.

Trauma

Many of the stories explore how the characters deal with trauma. In some cases, this trauma is quite dark and severe. For example, “Haunting Olivia” is entirely about Timothy and Wallow attempting to deal with their grief over the disappearance of their sister. The protagonists of both “Ava Wrestles the Alligator” and “The City of Shells” are dealing with the effects of sexual assault of varying degrees. Tek struggles first with the trauma of the loss of his biological father and then with the horror of facing near-certain death in “Accident Brief, Occurrence # 00/422.”

Other traumas are more specific, as with Claudette and her sisters dealing with the introduction to a completely new society and culture in “St. Lucy’s Home for Girls Raised by Wolves.” Jacob struggles with the hardships of the Westward Migration as well as the seeming dissolution of his parents’ marriage. Ollie tries to cope with the fallout of the situation he has contributed to that will cause the deaths of hundreds of baby turtles. Reggie struggles to understand the new and somewhat traumatic world of the adults during the Blizzard.

Finally, both Sawtooth and Elijah fight the trauma of being alone. Loneliness is itself a motif across nearly all stories in one form or another, but Russell goes deeper to draw out the harmful effects of being alone. This is an unusual trauma, but one that deeply affects the characters. At the end of “Z. Z.’s Sleep-Away Camp for Disordered Dreamers,” Elijah wonders:

how the healthy dreamers can bear to sleep at all, if sleep means that you have to peer into that sinkhole by yourself. Ogilvy really spoiled me. I had almost forgotten this occipital sorrow; the way you are so alone with the things you see in dreams (71).

Likewise, loneliness affects Sawtooth, who feels almost stifled by the silence of his retirement community until Augie starts visiting; with her, “the silence is made bearable by the knowledge that a sound is coming” (187).

No matter what traumas the characters are dealing with, Russell never provides a neat answer to their struggles. Instead, most of the stories end on a dark note, with the characters still struggling or in worse predicaments than ever. Only the final story, “St. Lucy’s Home for Girls Raised by Wolves,” ends with a kind of resolution; Claudette has mastered her human lessons and has achieved her goal. However, she has lost her ability to live in the wolf world as a result.

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