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42 pages 1 hour read

Beverly Cleary

Ramona and Her Mother

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1979

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Themes

The Bond Between Mothers and Daughters

As befits a book with the title Ramona and Her Mother, the novel places the theme of the bond between mothers and daughters at its center. From Ramona’s point of view, however, that bond is most conspicuous by its absence: Mrs. Quimby’s new job requires her to divide her attention between her career and her family, and Ramona can sense her mother’s weariness. Yet, her child’s mind internalizes her mother’s distraction as a lack of caring. Though Ramona has always felt closer to her father, she desires a closer relationship with her mom as she matures. Caught between childhood and adolescence, Ramona grapples with her identity and her role within the family, and she looks to her mother for guidance during a season of uncertainty. Ramona’s anxious feelings are compounded when a brunch guest calls Beezus her “mother’s girl”; Ramona wonders what that means for her identity as a daughter. This moment initiates an internal struggle within Ramona to understand how her mother views her and manufactures moments where she can capture her mother’s attention and affection. She thinks, “How come nobody ever calls me my mother’s girl? […] How come Mother never says she couldn’t get along without me?” (34) Through both Beezus’s and Ramona’s connections to their mother, the novel explores the importance of strong mother–daughter relationships at crucial stages of a child’s development.

Despite her own anxieties, Mrs. Quimby is patient with Ramona’s energetic personality, even when she doesn’t always understand it. Her mother’s love and physical presence make Ramona feel secure, as at the end of the novel when “[s]he leaned against her mother, who put her arm around her and gave her a little hug. Ramona twitched her nose with pleasure” (122). When Ramona struggles with her sewing project, Mrs. Quimby gently suggests a more straightforward option of making a skirt instead of pants. Still, when Ramona refuses and angrily throws the pants across the room, Mrs. Quimby remains calm. Similarly, when Beezus’s salon appointment goes wrong, Mrs. Quimby doesn’t chide Beezus for her frivolity or vanity but tenderly promises to help fix her hair. Through these experiences, Beezus and Ramona learn empathy from Mrs. Quimby and, in turn, remember to be empathetic to each other. Beezus comforts Ramona after their parents’ argument and calms her fears just as she’s seen her mother do. Likewise, Ramona empathizes with Beezus when she hates her hairdo. Despite her young age, Ramona empathizes with her mother’s exhaustion from working and caring for the household. Ramona’s small gesture of telling Mrs. Quimby that her hair is pretty demonstrates the tender and kind ways daughters and mothers can show love to one another.

The Challenges of Growing Up and Seeking Independence

The story picks up at a place in Ramona’s life where she is in the process of growing into middle childhood, taking on more responsibilities, and making more complex decisions. As her sister becomes a teenager, her father begins a new job, and the family adjusts to Mrs. Quimby continuing to work outside the home. These changes challenge Ramona’s understanding of herself, and she searches for her identity in all the chaos. One of the first ways Ramona begins to mature is in her developing sense of self, particularly in her appearance. Before the brunch, she looks in the mirror and is proud of her permanent teeth. Even though those teeth have not yet grown all the way in, Ramona can see them as a promise for the future: “If she had grown-up teeth, the rest of her face would catch up someday” (16). However, when she sees the adults cooing over Willa Jean, Ramona suddenly becomes self-conscious and worries about her “jack-o’lantern teeth” (20). In a relatively short time, Ramona goes from being proud of growing up to comparing herself unfavorably to a toddler, reflecting her sometimes tumultuous inner life—much of which remains unspoken.

One of the key motifs in all the Ramona novels is her quest for independence. However, her efforts are met with varying degrees of success, underscoring children’s struggles as they strive to do things independently but still rely on their parents for support. Deemed too young to sit at the adults’ table at brunch, Ramona is stuck with Willa Jean, who is too juvenile to be a good companion. At times, Ramona feels grown up but still longs for a cuddle with the teddy bear or a comforting bedtime story from her mother. Though she longs to develop an identity separate from her family, Ramona also still desires validation and acceptance, as evidenced by her internal struggle with her relationship with her mother. Ramona isolates herself, often seeking to be different. The book examines how everyday life helps children navigate the transition from childhood to maturation and the often confusing, conflicting emotions they experience as they seek independence from their parents but still retain their childlike emotions.

Ramona experiences many milestones in the story, such as her first salon haircut and learning to write in cursive. She also learns that there are downsides to getting older, particularly when things do not go her way. At times, the downsides are all she sees: “Nobody had to tell Ramona that life was full of disappointments. She already knew” (49). Among those disappointments that crowd in on Ramona at this moment, when she has failed in her attempt to sew pants for Ella Funt, are having to go to bed at 8:30 pm and never getting to see the ends of movies, never having been able to find a novelty license plate with her name on it, and a particularly unrewarding Easter egg hunt. Minor as these examples are, the narrator presents them with sensitivity and without judgment.

However, as Ramona grows older, she must adapt to new situations and responsibilities, such as helping around the house and being more considerate of others. She learns the importance of accountability for her actions and their impact on those around her. Though she’d rather skate or play, seeing her mother’s exhaustion pushes Ramona to understand the importance of completing her chores. After impulsively squeezing out an entire tube of toothpaste, Ramona immediately regrets the decision as she remembers her family’s precarious financial situation. This growing awareness allows Ramona to develop empathy and fully see her actions’ impact on others. By the novel’s end, Ramona regains her sense of autonomy, which is symbolized by the creation of her new sparkly signature. Still, she does so with a new awareness of the need to focus less on herself and become a more thoughtful, helpful family member.

Building Resilient Families

Through the eyes of a child, Beverly Cleary investigates how parental stress, sibling rivalry, and economic distress can put pressure on family units. At the same time, Cleary emphasizes the importance of resilience, aiming to demonstrate that not every argument or disappointment ends badly. Mrs. Quimby’s return to work and Mr. Quimby’s job change create a stressful and uneasy atmosphere in the home, which Ramona notices. Ramona’s attempts to make sense of these changes and her desire to help her parents mirror the uncertainty and anxiety many adolescents feel when their parents are stressed. Ramona’s worries reveal how complex family dynamics can contribute to a child’s insecurity and instability. She desperately wants her parents to be happy, so that she and Beezus can also be happy. Ramona conflates her parents’ happiness with her sense of security; thus, she longs for peace in her home. In addition to the financial strain, Ramona engages in sibling rivalry with her sister, Beezus. Ramona often feels overshadowed by Beezus, who is responsible and mature. This leads to jealousy and resentment as Ramona struggles to assert her identity within the family dynamic and vie for her parents’ love and affection. Cleary’s story asserts that family life can be messy, and part of growing up is children realizing that their parents are fallible and vulnerable.

Economic strain creates stress inside the Quimby home, as the family faces financial difficulties due to Mr. Quimby’s job loss. Ramona becomes more aware of her family’s economic situation and tries to help by understanding their need to be frugal. Yet the story also explores the idea that adults have issues children can’t fully see. For example, Ramona only hears parts of her parents’ private conversation, which she assumes is about her. Later, Ramona learns that her family’s situation is more complicated than she had imagined. Mr. Quimby quit college to get married and support the family, and Beezus arrived early in their marriage. Learning about her parents’ lives before her shifts Ramona’s sense of her place in the family, though she struggles to articulate why that is.

Though Ramona can understand the family’s financial trouble on a basic level, her child mind can’t comprehend the tension between Mr. and Mrs. Quimby over the balance of power and division of labor inside the home. Mrs. Quimby’s job requires that she be away from home each day, yet the family still expects her to shoulder all the domestic duties. The tension climaxes with the Crock-Pot debacle, and Mr. and Mrs. Quimby argue in front of the children. Though their argument is petty, it reveals how the life change stresses their marriage as expectations must be adjusted to fit their new way of life. The scene that follows where Beezus and Ramona cling to one another in bed examines the way parental conflict can affect children as Ramona worries that her family is falling apart. This change in their dynamic highlights the challenges of maintaining a sense of balance and equality in marriage during times of economic hardship and how children internalize family strife. Through open communication and empathy, the Quimbys exemplify how spouses can support one another and help their children feel secure.

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