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77 pages 2 hours read

Alan Gratz

Prisoner B-3087

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2013

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Chapters 9-15Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 2: “Plaszów Concentration Camp 1942-1943”-Part 4: “Trzebinia Concentration Camp 1944”

Chapter 9 Summary

Yanek is working as a tailor in Kraków when the Nazis kidnap him and send him to Plaszów, a labor camp that needs new workers. The camp is “a series of long, low buildings separated by dirt roads and surrounded by barbed wire” (64). Yanek’s clothes are taken away, and he’s given a prisoner’s uniform. He and the other prisoners all look alike in their uniforms except for specialized armbands that signify their background: Yanek and his fellow Jewish prisoners wear the Star of David on their armband, while gypsies, Jehovah’s Witnesses, and others wear different colored bands.

Yanek is thrilled to see Uncle Moshe at the camp, but his uncle doesn’t return his excitement. That evening Uncle Moshe visits Yanek’s barrack to warn him to remain anonymous: remaining anonymous will keep him alive. Yanek realizes the truth in Uncle Moshe’s words during roll call. The man beside him is suddenly killed by a Nazi soldier’s dog for no reason.

Chapter 10 Summary

Amon Goeth is a Nazi guard who enjoys murdering the prisoners for fun. Yanek and the other prisoners keep count of how many prisoners Amon kills each day. He tries to steer clear of Amon by working in the tailor shop, but that job soon ends. Yanek is sent to work on the barracks, but this puts him in danger’s way, as Amon starts killing barrack workers who move too slow. Uncle Moshe trades “his daily rations to a kapo” (73) to get Yanek a different job away from Amon.

Yanek’s new job is cleaning out the Kraków ghetto. He is filled with sadness and nostalgia to be see the ghost of his former hometown. He is tasked with clearing out his former apartment building. He sneaks up to the pigeon coop that he shared with his parents and finds their old belongings. He puts on his father’s coat and finds that his mother has sewn money inside their jackets. He sews the money into his uniform using the skills he acquired working as a tailor.

Chapter 11 Summary

Yanek show Uncle Moshe the money he found, and Uncle Moshe hides it for them. He uses the money to buy them extra food, like old bread and mushy carrots. Yanek is hopeful that he and Uncle Moshe will survive off of this extra food. These hopes are shattered after he comes back from working to hear that Uncle Moshe was murdered by Amon. Now Yanek is alone without family or extra money.

Chapter 12 Summary

Yanek is being worked too hard and not given enough food. He realizes that he won’t last long under these conditions. As he’s lying on the floor without enough energy to make it into bed, he sees a loose floorboard. He realizes that there’s enough room for him to hide under the floor to rest his body and avoid work. He shows two boys his age the board and asks them to hide with him. They agree. He knows it’s risky to invite the boys because it goes against Uncle Moshe’s advice, but he “just couldn’t keep the secret from someone else who could use the help too” (90).

Yanek and the other boys hide under the floorboards during work duty. They grow stronger as they sleep and talk. One day Amon walks by with his dogs, and they realize they will be murdered if he finds them. They climb out before he finds them, and the ordeal makes Yanek decide to “never hide under the floorboards again” (94).

Chapter 13 Summary

Yanek and a group of 50 prisoners are taken away to work in the salt mines. The salt mine is deep underground and makes Yanek feel claustrophobic. It’s cold underground, and the work is difficult. One day a man is murdered by the prisoners for being a former Judenrat.

Chapter 14 Summary

The Nazi guards order Yanek and a group of other prisoners to carry heavy rocks from one end of a field to another. The labor is backbreaking. Once they move the rocks, the Nazi guards ask them to move the rocks back to their original position. This is the first time Yanek realizes the Nazis are playing games with their lives. There is no purpose to their work except the Nazis’ demented pleasure.

Yanek is mad at the guards for their abuse, but he’s “even angrier at [his] fellow prisoners” (109) for taking the abuse without fighting back. One night a prisoner retaliates after he’s hit by a Nazi guard. The guard murders both the man and random prisoners as well. Yanek realizes that standing up for yourself means other prisoners will have to pay. He understands that this is why no one fights back.

Chapter 15 Summary

Yanek and the other prisoners are forced onto a train car by the Nazi guards. They are crammed in with “no food, no water, and no way to go to the bathroom” (115). The train ride is long and freezing, and the man standing beside Yanek dies. The train stops beside another train car, and a passenger in the other train tells Yanek that they’re headed toward Birkenau. He’s filled with dread to learn that Birkenau “isn’t a concentration camp. It’s a death camp” (121).

Chapters 9-15 Analysis

As Yanek is deported from his hometown of Kraków and forced into the various concentration camps by the Nazi guards, he must quickly learn to navigate the dire circumstances on his own. He briefly learns some important advice from Uncle Moshe on how to survive, but then Uncle Moshe is murdered and he is once again alone. These chapters demonstrate how Yanek tries to follow his uncle’s advice to survive. He tries remain anonymous to avoid the Nazi guards’ attention, but he soon learns that this makes him feel incredibly lonely. His loneliness and desire to help others leads him to tell two other boys his age about the space under the floorboards. Hiding under the floorboards with these boys rejuvenates him physically and emotionally—he is able to rest his body from the difficult manual labor, and talking with the boys reminds him of his humanity.

As Yanek spends more time around the Nazi guards, he realizes that there is no purpose to the work they’re forcing him to do. He understands that the Nazis are causing the prisoners to suffer, starve, and die simply because they view them as inferior beings. While this realization demoralizes many prisoners and saps their will to live, it gives Yanek a renewed sense of purpose. He decides to survive no matter what the Nazis throw at him because he knows that to survive is to beat them.

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