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75 pages 2 hours read

Akwaeke Emezi

Pet

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2019

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Themes

Appearance Versus Reality

Appearance versus reality is one of the central themes of Emezi’s Pet. They set up this theme from the beginning of the novel by opening with a discussion of the events of the revolution and the opposing factions of monsters and angels. These labels evoke stereotypes about what monsters and angels look and act like, setting up Emezi’s exploration of a more complex notion of morality and Jam’s discovery that looks can be deceiving. Emezi centers this theme throughout the narrative, teaching Jam, Redemption, and the reader alike that things are never quite what they seem. Though several characters openly tell Jam that she cannot trust things are as they appear, it takes first-hand experience for her to learn this. Bitter tells her daughter, “Monsters don’t look like anything, doux-doux. That’s the whole point. That’s the whole problem” (18). There is a wariness in Bitter’s tone that speaks to her own experiences in the revolution, and to the difficulty in identifying who is or is not a monster. Though it may appear that monsters no longer exist in Lucille, Emezi is quick to tell the reader—from the very first line—that this is not the case.

Jam’s curiosity leads her to wonder about religion before the revolution, and she soon learns about avenging angels from the biblical Old Testament.  At the start of the novel, Jam’s understanding of how looks can be deceiving begins and ends with her knowledge about these angels, which are terrifying but righteous. Jam soon realizes that “Pictures could be flat-out lies, yes, but [also] pictures could be misleading […] showing your eyes one thing and tripping your feet in another direction” (19). This early awareness of a spectrum of deception, as opposed to the binary of truth and lie, foreshadows how Jam will discover that Hibiscus is the abuser, a person capable of both great good and great evil.

At first, Jam thinks Pet is a monster. Pet is insulted by this comparison and asks her, “You don’t learn nothing from all them lessons about pictures and what you does see with your eyes?” (35). Despite her research, but Jam has yet to learn that angels can look like anything, just like monsters. Emezi further complicates the relationship between appearance and reality by portraying Pet as a biblical angel capable of violence. When Jam recognizes Pet as a religious, supernatural kind of angel at the end of the novel, she also understands that Pet contains both righteous and violent tendencies, and knows that while she needs Pet’s help, it is better to engage the entire community in seeking justice.

Emezi delivers their thesis on appearances and reality at the beginning of the novel when Bitter tells Jam, “Angels aren’t pretty pictures in old holy books, just like monsters aren’t ugly pictures. It’s all just people, doing hard things or doing bad things. But is all just people, our people” (19). Through this moment, Emezi posits that there can be no easy division between good and bad, angel and monster. The truth is far messier than easy dichotomies, and a person must be judged by their actions rather than how they appear.

The Importance of Remembering and the Dangers of Forgetting

Emezi begins Pet by narratively remembering the injustices and cruelties that plague the modern world for the reader. They write how the people of Lucille “remember the marches and vigils, the shaky footage that was splashed everywhere of their deaths […] the temples that were bombed, the mosques, the acid attacks, the synagogues. Remembering was important” (10). This list underscores the text’s commitment to the importance of remembering and the dangers of forgetting, and sets up the primary failure of Lucille’s inhabitants, which is willfully forgetting evil even as they remember the revolution against it. Through Pet, Emezi not only pleads for readers to see and learn about the hidden injustices of the world, but that they also remember them and integrate them into the historical record.

Emezi posits that community memory helps to prevent the repetition of past mistakes. The adults of Lucille have forgotten their duty to remember the past and attempt to shape the future through selective memory, as Aloe tells Jam when Pet appears, “Forget the monsters” (23). Aloe’s desire to forget stems from his fears for Jam, as Aloe is haunted “by echoes of memories of what people used to do to girls like her” (23). However, Aloe’s earnest desire to protect his daughter does not actually protect her. Instead, his fear hinders his ability to confront the truth and aid his daughter in revealing the monster in Lucille.

Emezi uses Aloe’s character to discuss the dangers of forgetting, also suggesting that memory requires active, continuous effort. They write:

Also, the problem is, when you think you’ve been without monsters for so long, sometimes you forget what they look like, what they sound like, no matter how much remembering your education urges you to do. It’s not the same when the monsters are gone. You’re only remembering shadows of them, stories that seem to be limited to the pages or screens you read them from. Flat and dull things. So, yes, people forget. But forgetting is dangerous. Forgetting is how the monsters come back (23).

In forgetting how to identify monsters, Lucille and its angels have allowed for the creation of new ones. Emezi shows great compassion and understanding for Aloe and the adults. They describe how these monsters become “flat and dull” with time, and how it is difficult to press back against the “remembering your education urges you to do” (23). This acknowledgement of the difficulty of remembering and the comfort that can be found in forgetting does not forgive the angels, but it does attempt to understand the conditions that prevent sustained societal progress. Jam knows that her parents are disillusioned when they attempt to make her send Pet back through the painting. She thinks, “Could you really make something stop existing just by shoving it away somewhere else?” (46). Jam has begun to realize that refusing to see the truth does not result in its disappearance. Jam remembers what her parents have willfully forgotten.

At the end of the novel, Jam takes on the responsibility of remembering. She believes in ability of the people of Lucille to learn and change. She stops Pet from killing Hibiscus, saying, “But the town will learn nothing this way, the families will learn nothing. They’ll keep pretending all the monsters are gone; they won’t remember to look for them” (152). Jam wants to force the angels in Lucille to remember what monsters are so that they can prevent more people from getting hurt. Jam gives up the perceived safety of ignorance in order to take on the responsibility of remembering, a sacrifice which Emezi portrays as serving the greater good. Emezi underscores the importance of remembering with Pet’s final words to Jam, “Tell me the words so I know you will remember them, you will hold on to them and it will be as though you are holding on to me, and you will not forget, yes?” (165). By promising to remember Pet’s words, to not forget and not to fear, Jam becomes a walking testament to the importance of memory and history, of learning from past mistakes and growing from them.

Binaries as Fiction

Emezi writes about many socially constructed binaries in the novel. A social construction is a system of belief that has been manufactured by a community to organize how they behave and does not necessarily reflect an objective or static truth. These binaries are often intensely condensed and simplified versions of the truth, or even worse, an utter fiction. One false binary Emezi criticizes is that of gender, the social construction that people born with certain body parts must identify as either a boy or a girl, male or female. Jam’s parents tell her as she navigates her transition, “You know you’re still a girl whether you get surgery or not, right? No one gets to tell you anything different” (21). Through this moment, Emezi dissects the falsity of the gender binary. Jam is a girl regardless of what her body may look like, and no imposed belief system can deny her personal truth and gender identity.

Emezi challenges binary thinking throughout Pet. The eponymous Pet says as much, telling Jam, “You humans and your binaries […] It is not a good thing or a bad thing. It is just a thing” (99). Through this statement, Emezi conveys how people are also not simply good or bad; both their actions and their motives must be considered. Bitter tells Jam how angels during the revolution “had to do things underhand, dark things […] Good and innocent, they not the same thing; they don’t wear the same face” (18). Through Bitter, Emezi conveys that angel and monster are misnomers; no one is sealed into the label of pure goodness or pure evil. Jam’s interactions with Pet speak to this theme of binaries as fiction when she asks it, “Are you an angel? Or just a hunter?” (164). In her question, Jam already places angels and hunters on two different planes, on different ends of a spectrum. Pet’s response to Jam epitomizes Emezi’s focus on intention and context. It says, “Is an angel not always a hunter, is a hunter not always an angel? [...] As long as the target is a monster” (164). Through the theme of false binaries, Emezi conveys the hard truth that people must sometimes do difficult things for the sake of protecting others, and also that many evil-doers are also capable of doing good. At the end of the novel, Emezi chooses portray justice as restorative, sending Hibiscus and Glass to be rehabilitated rather than simply punished for their actions. After ensuring the safety of the community and a path to healing for Moss, the people of Lucille resist classifying Hibiscus exclusively as a criminal. They believe that he can be restored to a productive role in the community.

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