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55 pages 1 hour read

Ocean Vuong

On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2019

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Symbols & Motifs

Punctuation

Little Dog is a literature student and a writer. Consequently, many of the metaphors he uses to explain his reality are based on writing. Comparisons with commas and periods are a common motif throughout the novel. Little Dog uses commas to explain adolescence, fetal development, and things left incomplete. In Vietnam, when Lan is confronted by a military checkpoint holding the infant Rose, she wets herself. Little Dog explains that the puddle means “she is standing on the life-sized period of her own sentence, alive” (44). Little Dog views life in terms of words and sentences; a period would indicate that Lan’s life was to end there—but she lived beyond it.

Significantly, Trevor has a comma-shaped scar on his neck. When they part for what would be the final time, Little Dog takes notice of it. Looking back, he wishes he could kiss it, to make it a “comma superimposed by a period the mouth so naturally makes,” and asks “Isn’t that the saddest thing in the world, Ma? A comma forced to be a period?” (169). This comment symbolizes Little Dog’s ability as a writer to capture the real world in his words; however, it also emphasizes the small impact those words have on the past. Their parting was supposed to be a pause, a comma. Instead, Trevor’s death means it was an ending—a period.

Monarch Butterflies

Little Dog uses monarch butterflies as a symbol of beauty, ephemerality, migration, and family. Early in the novel, he uses monarchs to introduce the concept of migration and futurity: “The monarchs that fly south will not make it back north. Each departure, then, is final. Only their children return; only the future revisits the past” (8). In a way, this passage sums up his project in writing the novel/letter to Rose. Lan and Rose left Vietnam, leaving behind lives that they will never get back. Lan dies in America, looking to her past in Go Cong, but unable to reach it. Her daughters recreate it for her by feeding her rice that they claim comes from the village and later taking her ashes to be interred in the village. Rose labors in nail salons to provide for Little Dog. The work breaks her body down, but it provides a platform for Little Dog to advance toward the future.

Because the monarch butterflies do not survive their trip south, their immigration is permanent. Only their children can return to where they were born and thus create the cycle once again. For Little Dog, this represents the brief gorgeousness of life: the beauty of the lives of human beings, like the butterflies, “exists only on the verge of its own disappearance” (238).

Buffaloes

If monarch butterflies represent the beauty and briefness of life, buffaloes in On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous represent familial fate and folly. Buffaloes exist in Vietnam and the United States, though they are very different creatures. Little Dog’s buffaloes come from a National Geographic documentary. He and Lan watch as the buffaloes careen over a cliffside, each falling to its death, each unable to stop the senseless slaughter once it has begun. The scene disturbs Lan and haunts Little Dog.

For Little Dog, the buffaloes seem to represent his family: after generations of trauma, abuse, and mental illness, Little Dog seems unable to escape the “cliff” that he is headed for: reliving the violence and sorrow of Lan’s and Rose’s lives. Trevor seems to agree. When Little Dog asks him what he thinks about the buffaloes, he says that they have no choice because of Mother Nature, and that they are “Like a family. A fucked family” (237). By the end of his letter to Rose, the image of the monarch butterflies replaces that of the buffaloes, meaning that the sense of familial doom is replaced by intergenerational beauty.

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