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45 pages 1 hour read

David Sedaris

Naked

Nonfiction | Essay Collection | Adult | Published in 1997

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Chapters 6-10Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 6 Summary: “The Women’s Open”

When they’re young teenagers, Louis takes Lisa and David to watch a golf match. Golf utterly bores the children, and it seems that their father takes them along in order to get a better spot to spectate from. “First, our father would push us to the front of a large, gaily dressed crowd. Robbed of their choice spots, these spectators would huff and grumble […] ‘They’re kids,’ our father would say. […] ‘Come on, pal, have a heart’” (47). Louis also makes David collect used tees from the green and keeps them as good-luck charms.

While watching the golf tournament, Lisa gets her first period. Louis asks a spectating woman to take Lisa to the bathroom and “outfit her with a sanitary napkin” (49). She reluctantly agrees. Later, David and Louis return to their car, where Lisa is reclining in the back seat. She tells Louis to “go fuck [himself]” (50) but instantly regrets it: “The moment she said it, Lisa bolted upright, as if there might still be time to catch the word […] before it reached our father’s ears. None of us had ever spoken to him that way, and now he would have no choice but to kill her" (50). Louis is disappointed and brushes her behavior off as “lady problems.”

Over the years, Louis fails to interest any of his children in golf. He begins taping televised golf matches on VHS. David reveals that by the time of writing this essay, his mother is deceased. Before she died, she compiled some of her and Lisa’s favorite movies on VHS. After her funeral, Lisa recovers the tape and plays it, only to find that her father recorded a golf tournament over the movies.

Chapter 7 Summary: “True Detective”

This chapter focuses on Lisa and Sharon’s shared love of detective shows. Together, they also comb through local crime reports in the papers and speculate on the nature of the crimes. David doesn’t share this interest. He finds the detective shows overly simplistic; he thinks his mother and sister’s deductions are facile. He notes, “It’s easy to solve a case when none of the suspects are capable of telling a decent lie. Television took the bite out of crime, leaving the detective as nothing more than a lifestyle” (52). He contrasts their affection for detective shows with his love of The Fugitive, a serial about a falsely accused man on the run. Lisa also likes The Fugitive, but David suspects her interest is shallow.

Sedaris relates this interest in fictional crime to “a series of real crimes” (55) occurring in the Sedaris household: “Someone in our family had taken to wiping his or her ass on the bath towels” (55). This is especially problematic because their bath towels are “fudge-colored,” resulting in numerous unpleasant surprises. Unable to determine who is the culprit, Sharon buys white towels.

After the towel incident, someone steals from Louis’s collection of silver dollars. David’s father ransacks his room in search of them. Upon being falsely accused, David tries to dye his hair with black shoe polish like the main character on The Fugitive, ruining his bed sheets in the process. He disposes of his bedding in the woods and sets out to find the real thief.

David hides in his parents’ room to watch for the thief. His mother enters; she puts on a blonde wig, talks to herself, applies makeup, and takes a nap. Trapped in the room, David “stood for an hour with a head full of shoe polish, a fugitive […] waiting for something to reveal itself” (60). After she leaves, David sneaks out to wash the polish out of his hair, so as not to get in trouble for staining his parents’ things.

Chapter 8 Summary: “Dix Hill”

Dix Hill is a “common nickname” for the Dorothea Dix Hospital in Raleigh, North Carolina, which David refers to as the Dorothea Dix State Sanitarium in his teen years. He describes it as bleak, gothic, and sinister.

Sedaris notes that his maternal grandfather was committed to a psychiatric ward when Sharon was 16. There, he was subjected to extensive bouts of shock treatments: “He had been suffering from the D.T.’s, a painful hallucinatory state marking an advanced stage of alcoholism. My mother visited him every day, and often he had no idea who she was” (61-62). As a teenager, David takes a volunteer job working at Dix Hill. His mother begs him not to go, but he is resolute. He is assigned to work with an orderly named Clarence Poole. They visit the women’s ward first, where all the patients are strapped into cots. They yell for Clarence’s attention, to which he responds only, “Later, baby.” David and Clarence move a nude elderly woman from her cot to a gurney. She bites David’s arm and growls “as if she were a bob-cat or wolverine, some wild creature used to hunting down its meals” (63). Clarence clubs her with his shoe until she lets go.

David’s experience at Dix Hill is revolting and disheartening. He concludes that all people are susceptible to mental illness, and, therefore, all people are at risk of getting stuck in a place like Dix Hill. He continues to work at Dix Hill on a volunteer and part-time basis through high school and into college. The patients’ problems are severe, and they are often physically abused by Dix Hill’s staff. The chapter ends with an anecdote about a friend of David’s who is committed to Dix Hill when they are adults.

Chapter 9 Summary: “I Like Guys”

This chapter begins with David’s eighth-grade teacher informing her students that racial integration will take place in their school in September. She tells her students that “more than anything in this world, those colored people wish they were white” (67), a claim that David finds dubious. He recalls this teacher’s overt racism in conjunction with her overt distain for gay men. Many of his teachers mock and deride gay men to entertain their students.

Young David is horrified by his own burgeoning homosexuality, revealing, “I had never done anything with another guy and literally prayed that I never would. As much as I fantasized about it, I understood that there could be nothing worse than making it official” (68). He is able to identify his gay classmates, but they never socialize, as that “would have drawn too much attention” (70). Whenever one of his gay classmates gets bullied, David laughs along with his straight classmates to protect himself. When David gets bullied, they react in kind.

That summer, David and Lisa are sent to a summer camp in Greece that caters exclusively to Greek American people. David is hopeful that he will be able to reinvent himself as a heterosexual in Europe. However, staying in gender-segregated dormitories causes his tics to shift “into their highest gear” (71). Meanwhile, Lisa dons a completely new persona by putting on a fake accent, changing her hair, and acting brash.

David becomes friends with his bunkmate, Jason. They bond over mocking their camp counselor’s frequent use of the word “faggot”: “We couldn’t protest the word, as that would have meant acknowledging the truth of it. The most we could do was embrace it as a joke” (74). While alone in their dorm, David and Jason have a sexual encounter. Overcome by guilt and fear, they each begin spreading rumors that the other is gay. This culminates in Jason’s planting a note that says “I LIKE GUYS” under David’s bed. Jason gets a girlfriend, and David resents Jason’s apparent ability to “cure” himself of being gay.

When they return to Raleigh, Lisa sheds her new persona. David’s ninth-grade science teacher is a Black man who uses gay men as a punchline, just like the white teachers do.

Chapter 10 Summary: “The Drama Bug”

David develops an obsession with theater after an actor performs for his school. Inspired by the actor’s humor and skill, David dabbles in mime and Shakespeare, much to his family’s dismay. David and his friend Lois discover that the actor is directing and starring in a local production of Hamlet. They submit auditions. Because they are the youngest and least experienced cast members, David and Lois are given bit parts.

While David “worshipped” the other actors from afar, Lois ingratiates herself to them socially. Interspersing his anecdote with character names from Hamlet, he notes: “Unlike me, she was embraced by the older crowd, attending late-night keg parties with Polonius and Ophelia and driving to the lake with the director while Gertrude and Rosencrantz made out in the backseat” (81). Nearly all David’s lines get cut. With nothing else to do during rehearsals, he is reduced to running errands for the cast and assisting the stagehands with grunt work.

David becomes even more resentful when Lois—who is a weak performer—gets a major role in the director’s next production. David is not even considered for a role. Due to his poor treatment of him, David loses respect for the director. At his mother’s suggestion, he begins pocketing the other actors’ money when they send him on errands.

David’s mother attends his performance and praises his work. She tells him, “You were the best in the whole show […] I mean it, you walked onto that stage and all eyes went right to you” (84). In this moment, David realizes that his mother is actually a fantastic actress.

Chapters 6-10 Analysis

Sedaris portrays and explores racism, sexism, ableism, and anti-gay bias throughout Naked. Sexism appears to be endemic to Louis’s worldview; the teachers at David’s middle school tell their students that Black people are inferior to white people; patients being treated for mental health are confined in unhealthy conditions; boys at school single out and bully their gay peers. Even the people Sedaris typically portrays in a positive light are shown to hold unsavory biases against marginalized groups: Lisa refers to villains on TV as “Chinesey,” and Sharon speaks ill of Roma people, referring to them as “Gypsies” who are prone to thievery.

The matter of prejudice is complicated even further when Sedaris portrays antagonism between marginalized groups. Perhaps the most overt example of this is the incident in which, just after racial integration was instituted at David’s school, he witnesses a Black teacher disparaging queer men in order to ingratiate himself to his students.

My new science teacher was a black man very adept at swishing his way across the room, mocking everyone from Albert Einstein to the dweebish host of a popular children’s television program. Black and white, the teachers offered their ridicule as though it were an olive branch. ‘Here,’ they said, ‘this is something we each have in common, proof that we’re all brothers under the skin’ (76).

In this instance, Sedaris suggests that his teacher is improving his social position as a Black man by “punching down” at queer men. This is later mirrored in “Something for Everyone,” when Dupont (a Black man) and David (a gay man) accept their employer’s antisemitism to protect themselves. Another example of this intercommunity antagonism appears in “Dix Hill,” when abused psychiatric patients in the women’s ward vent their frustrations by shouting racist terms at their Black orderly. The members of these marginalized groups resort to the practice of “othering”—marking another group as the one that doesn’t fit it socially, whether this sense of belonging is based on race, religion, or sexual identity—in an attempt to minimize their own difference and shift their outsider status to someone else.

Sedaris also examines his own antagonism toward other gay men and people with mental health conditions. Despite having severe OCD that alienates him from the power structures of the psychiatric hospital where he works, David is well enough to live outside it. When volunteering at Dix Hill, he describes the patients with little empathy, uses stigmatized language to describe them, and regards them as horrifying curiosities: “Our day proceeded, everything from a mongoloid teenager with an ingrown toenail to a self-proclaimed swami who had fashioned himself a turban of urine-soaked towels” (64). Likewise, he consciously and actively takes part in anti-gay bullying at school to divert attention away from his own sexual orientation.

David’s self-loathing and hypocrisy related to mental illness and sexuality intertwine. As a teenager, he wishes desperately to be “cured” of being gay: “It was my hope to win a contest, cash in the prizes, and use the money to visit a psychiatrist who might cure me of having homosexual thoughts. Electroshock, brain surgery, hypnotism—I was willing to try anything” (69). The lack of solidarity that Sedaris describes is self-deprecating, self-loathing, and a product of anti-gay social stigmas of the era. He offers no solutions to this antagonism; he merely points it out.

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