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49 pages 1 hour read

James L. Swanson

Manhunt: The 12-Day Chase for Lincoln's Killer

Nonfiction | Biography | Adult | Published in 2006

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Chapters 8-9Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 8 Summary: “I Have Some Little Pride”

On April 22, Booth and Herold get back on their skiff. They row toward Machodoc Creek, evading a Navy gunboat. They land, by accident, at Gambo Creek, a mile southwest of Machodoc Creek on the morning of April 23. Booth stays by the boat while Herold walks to Mrs. Elizabeth Quesenberry’s house. Her teenage daughter lets him in. When her mother returns home, Herold tells her of their situation. Mrs. Quesenberry, a Confederate agent, suspects who they are. She sends for another Confederate, Thomas Harbin, who brings Joseph Baden with him. Harbin and Baden get a third Confederate, William Bryant, and, with Herold, they go to Booth with food and horses. They ride together to Dr. Richard Stuart’s house nearby. Dr. Stuart refuses to house the fugitives but he gives them dinner. Dr. Stuart sends Bryant, Booth, and Herold to the cabin of his Black servant, William Lucas. Lucas is reluctant to let them in, but William Bryant convinces him to open the door. Booth walks in and sits down. When Lucas objects, Booth threatens him with his knife. Lucas and his wife spend the night on the porch while the three white men spend the night in the cabin.

On April 24, in the morning, Booth and Herold negotiate with Lucas for a ride to Port Conway. They agree that his son, Charles, will take them in the wagon. They arrive around noon at Port Conway and stop near the home of William Rollins, a fisherman and farmer, where Booth writes a letter for Charles to deliver to Dr. Stuart. In the letter, he chastises Dr. Stuart for his lack of hospitality. Herold asks Rollins for advice on getting to Orange Court House. Rollins says no, but he agrees to take them to Bowling Green. Herold takes Rollins over to Booth, introducing him as a wounded Confederate soldier, who asks Rollins if he will take them immediately to Port Royal across the Rappahannock. Rollins says he will after setting his fishing nets while the tide comes in.

A trio of Confederate soldiers sees the wagon near the Rollins house and approaches.

That same day, Union soldiers arrest Dr. Sam Mudd.

The three Confederate soldiers are First Lieutenant Ruggles, Private Bainbridge, and Private Jett of Mosby’s cavalry unit. Herold and Booth introduce themselves as Confederate soldiers named David E. Boyd and James William Boyd, respectively. Jett is skeptical of their claims of being soldiers. Finally, Herold admits the injured man is Booth. Rollins returns to take them across the river, but the soldiers agree to guard the fugitives on the ferry to Port Royal instead. In Port Royal, they ask for shelter at the homes of the Peytons and the Catlitts, but because no men are home, they are unable to stay there. Sarah Jane Catlitt suggests they ask Richard Garrett for shelter. Garrett agrees, and Booth stays there while Herold rides on with Jett, Ruggles, and Bainbridge to Bowling Green to get new shoes. Garrett introduces Booth as James Boyd to his son, John.

Chapter 9 Summary: “Useless, Useless”

On April 24, at the War Department telegraph office in Washington, Colonel Lafayette Baker overhears a telegraph from Major James O’Beirne reporting that Booth and Herold had been seen crossing the Potomac. He passes the news to his cousin, Detective Luther Byron Baker. Lieutenant Edward Doherty of the 16th New York Calvary regiment is ordered to take 26 of his men, along with Detective Baker and a former colonel, Everton Conger, to Port Conway to look for Booth and Herold.

That evening, Booth has dinner and spends the night at the Garretts. The next day, April 25, Booth spends most of the morning sleeping. Then, William Garrett asks Booth about his experience in the Confederate Army. Booth lies and says that the cavalry is after him following a skirmish at which after Booth refused to sign a loyalty oath to the Union. That afternoon, John Garrett returns from town with news that there is reward for Booth’s capture. That evening, Booth is spooked by riders near the gate and asks John to get his guns. However, it is just David Herold returning to the farm. Now suspicious of the pair, John refuses to let them spend the night in the house.

The afternoon of April 25, the New York Calvary arrives in Port Conway, Virginia. They question Rollins and his wife, who disclose that Booth and Herold crossed by ferry the day before with three Confederate soldiers. Mrs. Rollins says that Jett can be found at the Star Hotel in Bowling Green. The calvary takes Rollins with them and cross by ferry to Port Royal. Ruggles and Bainbridge ride to the Garrett farm and tell them that the “Yankee cavalry” are coming and leave (304). While Herold talks with John Garrett, the cavalry rides past. Garrett tries to get a wagon to take Herold and Booth to Orange Court House but is unable. Garrett says they can spend the night in the tobacco barn. When they are to the barn, William Garrett locks the pair in, and John and William take up watch on the barn.

Around 11 o’clock, the cavalry reaches Bowling Green and finds Private Jett, who confesses everything and agrees to lead them to Booth at the Garrett residence. Richard Garrett refuses to tell them where Booth and Herold are, but, to protect their father, his sons tell the cavalry they are in the tobacco barn. The cavalry surrounds the barn. They make John Garrett enter the barn in an attempt to get Booth to give up his arms, but Booth refuses. They want to take Booth alive. Herold pleads with Booth to let him go, and Booth finally agrees. Herold leaves the barn, unarmed, and is arrested. The cavalry tries to get Booth to surrender, but he refuses, so they set the barn on fire to smoke him out. He won’t go down without a fight, so he begins to aim his rifle at the cavalry. Sergeant Boston Corbett shoots Booth in the back of the neck through the slats in the barn. They drag Booth out of the barn and carry him onto the porch of the Garrett residence. He is mortally wounded and paralyzed. He looks at his hands and says, “Useless, useless” (342). Finally, as the sun rises on April 26, Booth dies.

Chapters 8-9 Analysis

In Chapters 8 and 9, John Wilkes Booth’s eccentricity and monomaniacal personality come into focus. His grandiose self-importance has been seen elsewhere in the narrative, as when he writes a manifesto explaining his motivation to attack President Lincoln and requests newspapers to read the coverage of his actions. In Chapter 8, the extent to which his egotism hindered his escape becomes clear when he pauses his escape to write a letter to Dr. Stuart upbraiding him for “committing the ultimate sin in genteel Virginia society—inhospitality” (268). This letter demonstrates the extent to which Booth saw himself as a leading man in a play through his quotation of Macbeth, another sign of his monomaniacal personality. His sense of theatricality culminates in his last stand in the barn. Swanson emphasizes this in his detailed description of that final night of the manhunt, writing, “For Booth, this was his final and greatest performance, not just for the small audience of soldiers at the improvised theatre of Garrett’s farm, but also for history” (327).

The importance of Southern hospitality and honor in Virginia is a minor theme in these chapters. It first arises in Dr. Stuart’s actions toward Booth and his letter in response. In contrast, in a display of Southern hospitality, Richard Garrett makes a generous offer to let Booth stay in his home and eat at his table.

These chapters also emphasize the Challenges and Setbacks for the Official Response to the Crisis. Despite the all-hands-on-deck approach taken by authorities, they were hampered by lack of communication amongst the different parties involved and incorrect tips. For example, Swanson notes the “false reports […] that Booth was dressing as a woman” (257). Ironically, even the tip that ultimately led the 16th New York Calvary regiment to Booth in the Garrett’s farmhouse was incorrect. It was reported that two men had been seen crossing the Potomac on April 16. Perhaps there had been, but those two men were not Booth and Herold, who crossed on April 21. Eventually, the untrained and ad hoc nature of the search party contributes to eccentric Sergeant Boston Corbett shooting Booth in the neck.

As in many high-profile cases today, fame-seeking detectives involved themselves in the manhunt for the cash reward and the publicity. One example was Detective Allan Pinkerton who “sent a grandiose and ill-timed telegram to Stanton angling for a starring role in the manhunt” (215). Colonel Lafayette C. Baker is another “imperious, deceitful, and self-promoting” detective who sought fame and fortune through the manhunt (282). Unlike Detective Pinkerton, however, it is his actions that finally lead authorities to Booth and Herold in the Garrett farmhouse. In a reflection of the theme of The Role of Coincidence and Individual Agency in Historical Events, this shows that people’s involvement and actions in significant historical events are sometimes driven by relatively insignificant motives, such as the desire for fame and fortune.

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