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49 pages 1 hour read

Jacqueline Woodson

Locomotion

Fiction | Novel/Book in Verse | Middle Grade | Published in 2003

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Symbols & Motifs

The Sun

As a motif, the sun represents warmth and comfort, and it helps develops the theme of The Search for Identity and Belonging. In an early memory, Lonnie describes sitting with Lili on his lap and his mother telling him that he’d always be her baby. He notes, “Just me and Lili and Mama and the pigeons. / And outside the sun / getting bright and warm suddenly” (6). His recollections in this moment are of both his mother’s love and the bright, warm, sun, which links the sun to a sense of comfort, safety, and belonging. This sense is amplified later, when in his lowest moments, Lonnie can’t see the sun. When asked to write a poem about family, Lonnie can’t:

I aint’ got nothing to say today.
Just feel like sitting here
Watching the rain come down
and down
            and
                down (50).

The lack of light and warmth outside mirrors Lonnie’s melancholy, which he emphasizes by evoking the repetitive sound of rain falling. As Lonnie works through his grief and finds love and acceptance from himself and others, the sun shines more regularly. In a visit with Lili at her adoptive mother’s house, he notes, “With the sun coming in the room that way / and my sister smiling so big / […] / I feel Him, right there beside us” (76). Lonnie’s writing often reveals that he perceives God as a benevolent being who looks down on humanity with love. Because Lonnie senses God as he sits with his sister and because he feels the warmth of the sun, both the deity and the star symbolize safety and comfort. Lonnie is where he longs to be, with his sister, and the repeated image of the sun marks both comfort and a sense of belonging.

Basketball

When Lonnie shoots hoops, the camaraderie makes him feel joy. Thus, basketball symbolizes friendship and belonging. This is first evident in a haiku that he pens after sharing his pain on the anniversary of the fire. The three-line poem follows his devastation at the memory and simply notes that Eric tosses him the ball, inviting him to play. This seemingly small action highlights the role basketball plays in Lonnie’s life. It’s an activity he pursues to find familiarity with friends and an escape from his grief. More explicitly, Lonnie articulates the value of the sport and friendship in “Hey Dog”:

Just grinning and talking junk
shooting hoops
not even knowing where
or when people started calling the people
they like to be around Dog
but liking it and feeling good when
your dog slaps your hand, gives you a quick hug, says
What’s up, Dog? (55-56).

When Lonnie describes how he and his friends talk while playing basketball, he shares that “dog” is the equivalent of friend. Through their smiles, hand slaps, and hugs, these boys build connection with each other, and Lonnie feels happiness and a sense of belonging as a result. For this reason, basketball represents friendship and belonging: It’s one place where Lonnie feels good.

The Roof

A symbol of escape for Lonnie, the roof is where he often goes when he sneaks out after Miss Edna is asleep: “Sometimes I sit counting the stars / Maybe one is my mama and / another one is my daddy” (3). Lonnie’s grief is so intense that he imagines his parents are present in the stars. This imagining provides him a reprieve from the reality that they’re no longer there. In addition, viewing the stars hints at the belief that his parents are looking out for him in heaven, an idea that yields momentary relief from his day-to-day life. In “Roof Poem II,” he more explicitly articulates the connection between the roof and an escape:

Up here, you could
just let your mind take you
to all kinds of beautiful places
you never been before in real life (25).

Literally, he envisions other locations that are beautiful or different from his current situation. He even discusses how he could fall up into the sky in such a way that he doesn’t have to worry about anything. The roof is a place where Lonnie can imagine other realities, in which he escapes the pain of his life. Sometimes just being on the roof is enough to give him a reprieve. In “God Poem,” Lonnie notes that even if broken glass is up there or the air is cold, he “come[s] up here anyway / […] / then [he’s] alright” (51). By climbing to the roof, Lonnie can both physically and mentally take a break from life’s harsh realities, highlighting how the roof represents an escape.

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