87 pages • 2 hours read
Ann JaramilloA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
Elena slaughters a goat for the party. She strikes it in the head with a hammer, killing it with one blow. Miguel slits the animal’s jugular, and they hang the carcass and drain its blood. Miguel is queasy, but Elena is unmoved. Together they butcher the goat, removing its entrails and organs. Elena acknowledges it is Miguel’s turn to go north. Miguel lies and tells Elena she will go soon. He does not tell her about Don Clemente’s offer to help Papá. Miguel says he will work and earn money to help bring Elena north, but Elena knows Papá wants them to be the first boy and girl to graduate school, so Papá will not want Miguel to work. Miguel is angry about the years of needless waiting and frustrated with having unthinkingly accepted everything Papá said. Elena tells Miguel to go ahead; she can take care of herself. She burns the goat’s offal, and the ashes float north.
Miguel’s goodbye party includes his Tía Cristina, Tío Esteban, and little cousins; the neighbors, los Gonzalez; Abuelita’s friend Doña Maria; Chuy and Lalo; and Elena’s friend Fátima. They share stories about the trip north. Señor Gonzales tells of people who were kidnapped and had their organs removed and sold. Dona Maria advises him to beware of the ghost La Llorona while crossing the desert. Chuy displays a carving of a chupacabra, or goatsucker. Tío Esteban claims chupacabras have moved north and eat people as well as farm animals. Miguel knows these stories are fictional yet contain a grain of truth: Many people do go missing on the trip north, and there are many human and natural dangers along the way. The stories grow more comical, helping Miguel and the others to avoid thinking about true, terrible things that have occurred. Fátima’s brother was found suffocated in a trailer, Lalo’s father was brutalized and robbed, and two young girls were never seen again.
After others leave, Chuy, Lalo, and Miguel linger by the fire while Elena silently cleans up. She tosses the trash into the fire, causing it to flare up, then goes inside the house. Miguel knows she is angry he is leaving. Lalo gives Miguel a secondhand American soccer jersey, and Chuy gives Miguel his sole carving knife: their only valuable possessions. Miguel is embarrassed because he has no gift for them, but Lalo suggests they promise to meet back in San Jacinto in 10 years. Miguel agrees, thinking he can keep that promise, and they shake on it. Miguel knows his friends think they will stay the same and always remember each other, but Miguel believes, based on the lengthy time his father has been gone, that he and the other boys will forget their close bond.
Miguel gathers his supplies before dawn. Looking in the mirror, he is surprised that he still looks the same when he feels so different inside. He finds Elena asleep in the barn where she goes when she has trouble sleeping. Peeved that Elena has not wished him well or said she would miss him, Miguel does not wake her to say goodbye. Abuelita gives Miguel food for his journey and her beloved Virgen de Guadalupe medallion. She blesses Miguel, who feels the words of her old prayer are fresh because they are directed toward him. Although Miguel and his family generally do not cry and pretend it will only be a short absence when someone leaves, both Miguel and Abuelita cry. Abuelita has been his mother for the last seven years, and Miguel was her son. Miguel recognizes he will probably never see her again.
Miguel walks to the city. He gets his bus ticket early and waits and observes the people around him. He sees an old couple he believes is going to their son’s funeral. He notices two young parents with a baby and all their possessions. Miguel feels good about traveling light. The bus arrives and fills up. An india in a colorful skirt and modest shawl sits near the front. Miguel sits near the back with several other young men: Some indios and two brothers Miguel thinks are from Guatemala. A Black man sits nearby. Miguel, wanting to sleep, is upset when an older, silver-haired man sits next to him and talks incessantly. Javier is from El Salvador. He left his wife and kids behind to find work in New York. This is his second attempt to go north. Javi does not believe Miguel’s lie that Miguel is going to the capital. He offers to let Miguel travel with him, but Miguel declines, thinking he is better off on his own and that the older man would be more of a burden than a help.
The federal police stop the bus. Javier is nervous because the federales look for people traveling north and deport them to Guatemala. Capitán Morales, a self-important federale, has everyone disembark and line up for a “routine check.” Miguel realizes that Morales expects the travelers to pay him bribes. Miguel worries he does not have enough money. The men from Guatemala and the Black man do not have money and are pulled aside. Morales moves the india’s shawl from her face and Miguel is shocked to see Elena. He blurts out her name. Elena starts toward Miguel, but Morales pushes her, and she falls. One of the Guatemalans call Morales a coward. Miguel is suddenly afraid. Morales is angry at being disrespected. Miguel, Javier, Elena, and all the single men on the bus are loaded into the federales’ transport van and driven for hours toward Guatemala. Miguel knows Don Clemente’s plan is ruined. He blames Elena.
Miguel cuts ties with community, friends, and family as he begins his journey north. In the process of leaving home and asserting his independence, Miguel reveals both positive and negative character traits that will affect his decisions and ultimately help him mature. Through local stories and Miguel’s observations on the bus, Jaramillo puts a face on the immigrant experience, allowing the reader to connect with the migrants’ lives and empathize with their motivations.
At Miguel’s goodbye party, friends and family sit around the fire and tell classic ghost stories and urban legends. Throughout the ages, storytelling has been a way for people to connect and share emotions and information. Sharing tales brings a community together and helps people express and parse real-life issues, both happy and sad. While Miguel does not believe in supernatural phenomena like La Llorona and the chupacabras or in the exaggerated friend-of-a-friend accounts of organ theft, Miguel does understand that each tale is meant to teach him about the dangers he will face on his journey. The stories also let people caution Miguel without facing the raw reality of experiences that can—and did—happen to people he knows. These true stories darkly illuminate the often brutal incidents many immigrants suffer and the risks they are willing to take in return for a better life for themselves and their families.
Leaving home and facing challenges on one’s own is an important part of coming of age. Miguel, looking in the mirror on the day of his departure, feels changed inside. He senses his own autonomy and knows he is finally thinking independently. He declares he is no longer a credulous kid. Miguel’s anger toward Papá for making them needlessly, he believes, wait to go north extends to Papa’s “big plan” for their education. Miguel’s frustration with Papá suggests he may defy Papa’s mandate to be the first boy in the family to finish school, though this later proves not to be true.
Another sign Miguel is coming of age is his recognition that he is leaving his childhood behind. He must leave Abuelita, whom he has loved as a mother for the last seven years, knowing he will not see her again. Their parting is emotional. Miguel also says goodbye to his childhood friends Lalo and Chuy. Miguel understands that despite their tight friendship now, time and distance will diminish their bond. This recognition also reflects Miguel’s feelings toward Papa’, who, after so long, is no longer familiar. Miguel’s observations about the losses of these relationships reflects a maturing awareness of himself and others. Leaving Abuelita and the only home and friends he has ever known propels Miguel into the world of adults.
Miguel’s journey north and his personal journey to adulthood is only beginning. In many ways, he reveals youthful immaturity. He displays selfishness and arrogance when he pettishly does not say goodbye to Elena as a punishment for her lack of verbal support for his journey. He knows this will hurt her and passive aggressively thinks, “Well, she’d have to get over it, sooner or later” (32). This comment also reveals Miguel’s lack of a close bond with Elena.
Observing the other passengers on the bus, Miguel recognizes many are migrants like himself. Jaramillo uses Miguel’s descriptions to again show the immigrants as individuals, personalizing the stories. Miguel is judgmental and dismissive of several of the passengers, showing immaturity in his overconfidence. He feels superior to them, traveling “light and quick and alert” (35), unlike those who are loaded down with possessions.
Miguel rejects the idea of traveling with Javier because he assumes the older man is useless because of his age and would be a “burden” to him. Miguel immediately blames Elena for ruining “his” plan and refuses to acknowledge her on the transport bus. Condemning Elena for the situation and turning his back on her reveals Miguel’s egocentricity and immaturity.
Elena plans and executes her own plan to go north, showing her tenacity, bravery, and impulsivity. Elena has asserted more than once she can look out for herself, and the fact she got as far as Miguel reveals her determination and courage, which are traits that will ultimately help her achieve her and Miguel’s goal of crossing la línea.
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