48 pages • 1 hour read
Cho Nam-Joo, Transl. Jamie ChangA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Kim Jiyoung lives in an apartment in Seoul with her husband Jung Daehyun and their baby daughter Jiwon. Daehyun works in IT. Jiyoung worked in marketing but quit her job shortly before Jiwon was born.
Jiyoung begins exhibiting puzzling behavior on the first morning of autumn. During breakfast, she opens a window, letting in cold air . She recites a rhyme in the voice of an older woman. Daehyun thinks she is doing a humorous impersonation of her mother. That night, when he returns from work, he finds Jiyoung and Jiwon sleeping side by side, both sucking their thumbs.
A few days later, Jiyoung speaks in the voice of her college friend Cha Seungyeon. Seungyeon died in childbirth at a time when Jiyoung was experiencing postpartum depression; Jiyoung was devastated by her friend’s death. When Jiyoung begins speaking as Seungyeon, Daehyun assumes she’s doing another lighthearted impersonation. But she references secret communications between him and Seungyeon that Jiyoung could not know. Daehyun is frightened and confused, wondering if Jiyoung could be possessed. The next morning, Jiyoung has no memory of the strange occurrence. More unsettling incidents follow. Daehyun feels that Jiyoung is becoming a stranger to him.
The family visits Daehyun’s parents to celebrate the harvest holidays. Jiyoung prepares food for the celebration with Daehyun’s mother. Daehyun’s sister Suhyun is visiting as well. Her husband is the eldest of his male siblings, which means that she had been responsible for the cooking and hosting tasks at her in-laws’ holiday gathering. She is exhausted upon arrival at her parents’ home.
During dinner, Suhyun chides her mother for preparing all the food from scratch with Jiyoung. Her mother demurs and asks Jiyoung if she thinks it was too much work. Jiyoung responds in the voice of her mother saying that holiday work is exhausting for Jiyoung. The family sits in stunned silence. She continues to say—still in the voice of her mother—that she is disappointed that Jiyoung spends her holidays with her in-laws instead of coming to visit her.
Daehyun’s father is outraged at this behavior. Daehyun says that Jiyoung has not been well then quickly shuffles his family out the door and into their car. Only Suhyun comes out to say goodbye, apologizing on behalf of the Jung family.
Daehyun visits a psychiatrist to discuss Jiyoung’s behavior and makes an appointment for her. Jiyoung has no memory of her unusual behavior but is willing to attend therapy because she has been feeling tired and sad.
Chapter 1 introduces the novel’s central conflicts, including the tension between Motherhood and Career Trajectory. This theme interweaves with another core concern—the Shared Experiences Among Women—in this chapter, which revolves around Jiyoung’s ability to channel the voices of two mothers: her own and her friend Seungyeon. She is apparently not impersonating them but rather becoming them. Motherhood has transformed Jiyoung into a different person, in part by separating her from her career. She has become fluid, permeable, and decentered. Cho Nam-Joo does not pathologize or diagnose Jiyoung’s multiple voices; she treats them as a matter of fact. This alerts the reader to the metaphorical potential of the voices: Jiyoung is speaking from the shared experiences of women in an oppressive society.
When Jiyoung speaks in her mother’s voice while visiting her in-laws, I incident is prompted by her mother-in-law’s insistence that holiday preparation is not too much work for them. Jiyoung channels her mother to speak in her own defense, explaining that holiday preparation is in fact exhausting. She becomes another woman to speak for herself. This action reflects the author’s ventriloquism, summoning a fictional voice to speak for real women. The women’s movement has often been furthered by acts of speech in which individuals give voice to a collective. The #MeToo movement is an example of a collective speech act in which women reify the experiences of others.
The first chapter also establishes a matter-of-fact tone that will later be explained by the twist: The story is narrated by Jiyoung’s psychiatrist. The chapter ends with Daehyun consulting the psychiatrist, an instance of men seeking to define and categorize women’s behavior. The fact that a man is telling Jiyoung’s story reflects the narrative power men wield in her society and hints at the Sexual Harassment and Gender Discrimination that arises in traditional patriarchal frameworks, a theme that further develops in subsequent chapters.