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63 pages 2 hours read

Sarah J. Maas

House of Flame and Shadow

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 2024

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Symbols & Motifs

Mothers and Their Children

Content Warning: The source material features depictions of oppression, discrimination, and graphic death and violence.

The mother-child relationships explored within House of Flame and Shadow symbolize the strength and impact of parental love. When Lidia accuses King Morven of cruelty disowning his son, Cormac, her disgust is fueled by the belief that “there would never be anything more important than the two boys she’d left on the Depth Charger” (463). The relationship between Lidia and her twins showcases that maternal love can turn indoctrination into independent thought, as Lidia’s sons come to know the woman who bore them.

Bryce’s commitment to fighting for equality in Midgard is in part influenced by her mother, Ember. As Bryce states to her cruel father, she “learn[ed] about love from my mom” (347). Seeing the discrimination her human mother endured made Bryce into a strong advocate for those without the power to defend themselves against the powerful Vanir.

Maternal love can even be found between people not related by blood, as illustrated by the relationship forged between Ember and Nesta during the short amount of time Bryce’s mother is in the Night Court. Nesta, whose own mother was neglectful, yearns for maternal love; Ember has enough empathy to supply some of this kind of support. Nesta tells Bryce, “Your mother loves you […] Don’t for one second take that for granted,” hugging Ember “like she hadn’t experienced a mom-hug for a long, long time” (813-14). Nesta is headstrong, closed-off, and surly, but she blossoms under Ember’s unconditional openness.

Artwork

Artwork and artifacts in the novel reveal history and serve as a motif for The Dehumanization of Oppression.

The scenes of brutality, specifically toward humans, depicted in the Night Court’s network of caves illustrate the truth of Bryce’s world—an ancient wrong that Bryce was born to set right. The caves’ artwork depicts “chained humans […] prostrate on the earth, their crudely carved faces a sharp contrast to the otherworldly, pristine beauty of the Fae” (109). The humans’ faces are left underdeveloped, unlike the depictions of the Asteri and Fae, illustrating that “humans were little more than rock and dirt compared to the Fae and their godlike masters. Not even worth the effort of carving them. Present only for the Fae to lord their power over them, to crush them beneath their heels” (109). The art underscores the dehumanization that these people are subject to.

The artwork saved by Priestess Jesiba Roga also points to the same dehumanization, but from a different perspective. The existence of texts from the Library of Parthos belies the fiction spread by the Asteri that the humans they found on Midgard were inferior primitives who benefited from Asteri domination. Instead, the books and artifacts show the heights of civilization the humans had attained, all of which was destroyed by the invaders.

Hunt’s Halo

Hunt’s Halo, or the dark crown inked on his brow, symbolizes two things: the cycle of freedom and oppression he’s caught in, and the containment of the power that is his undiscovered birthright. At the beginning of the novel, Hunt views the halo inked on his brow by Rigelus as an “oppressive power [a sign that] His very existence belonged to the Asteri once more” (57), as he has been for over two hundred years.

Eventually, however, Hunt learns from Aidas, Apollion, and Thanatos that he is an angel specifically bred with their Helfire, strong enough to remove the crown from his brow and others. This realization of his undiscovered birthright is not welcome at first—the negative connotations surrounding an affiliation with Hel, its demons, and death are too close to the Umbra Mortis persona Hunt’s been trying to break free from for centuries. However, as he realizes that this birthright gives him access to powers he might use for good, he frees himself and another enslaved Fallen angel—his friend Isaiah—from their crowns. With this physical manifestation of his enslavement gone, Hunt can unleash his full potential, using his powers to create the antidote for the water parasites, restart Lidia’s heart, and rescue Bryce from the black hole.

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