57 pages • 1 hour read
Stephen KingA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Though Holly is a standalone novel, it draws on the events of King’s previous books. Protagonist Holly Gibney first appears in King’s 2014 novel, Mr. Mercedes, part of the Bill Hodges trilogy. In Mr. Mercedes, private investigator Holly teams up with retired police detective Bill Hodges to hunt a rampage killer named Brady Hartsfield who murdered Holly’s cousin Janey. Holly joins the investigation along with Jerome Robinson, a 17-year-old who does odd jobs at Bill’s agency. They are instrumental in apprehending Hartsfield, and both receive Medals of Honor from the city.
In Finders Keepers, Holly joins Bill in investigating Morris Bellamy, a petty criminal turned murderer. In End of Watch, Holly begins working with Bill at his private investigative agency, Finders Keepers. After Bill is diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, Holly inherits Finders Keepers after his death. In the standalone novel The Outsider, Holly is hired to investigate the murders of several children in Oklahoma. She discovers that the murders were committed by a mysterious, inhuman presence which she dubs “The Outsider.” The Outsider can mimic the appearance of people, planting evidence to frame others for its crimes. At the end of the novel, Holly defeats The Outsider.
When she is first introduced in Mr. Mercedes, Holly is a neurotic and insecure woman in her 40s. She struggles to interact with other people and the world around her; she is implied to have OCD and potentially have autism spectrum disorder. Holly’s mother Charlotte has always perceived her daughter as unstable, severely limiting her freedom. As a result, Holly’s personal and social growth is stunted. Bill is the first person to treat Holly normally. Their partnership helps her come out of her shell.
Holly’s thorough and analytical brain is an asset to Bill’s investigations. Working with him empowers Holly to believe in her own capabilities and step out from under the thumb of her controlling mother. By the time Holly takes place, Holly has come into her own as a private investigator. She still carries trauma from her contentious relationship with Charlotte, the horrors she witnessed in The Outsider, and grief about Bill’s death, but she has learned to trust herself more. It is this improved version of Holly who tackles the Bonnie Dahl case, confident in her own capabilities and capacity for resilience.
Holly takes place during the COVID-19 pandemic, an ongoing worldwide pandemic caused by a contagious respiratory coronavirus. First detected in Wuhan, China, in late 2019, COVID-19 spread rapidly across the world in 2020. In response to the rising infection rate and death toll, many countries instituted drastic measures to curb the spread. In the US, these measures mostly comprised travel bans, stay-at-home-orders, and mandatory masking in indoor spaces.
In December 2020, the first COVID-19 vaccine became publicly available. During 2021, a majority of the eligible American populace received the vaccination, enabling most Americans to return to work and social life, though many people choose to continue some degree of social distancing and masking as well. Holly’s present timeframe takes place during this period. King explores the unease of returning to a new normal amid an ongoing pandemic by highlighting the changes in daily life brought about by COVID-19. Some are small, like elbow bumps instead of handshakes and characters inquiring about one another’s vaccination status. Others are more dramatic: In Chapter 2, Holly attends her mother’s funeral via Zoom.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, a vocal minority of people believe in the false conspiracy theory that the pandemic was fabricated or created by the government. Those who subscribe to this factually incorrect conspiracy theory have also often adopted an anti-mask and anti-vaccine or “anti-vax” stance; they typically also refuse to wear masks. In the novel, Holly’s mother Charlotte was one such person before dying of a COVID-19 infection she contracted at an anti-mask rally.
When writing novels set in 2019-2023, some authors have chosen not to reference the pandemic or sideline it to allow fiction to be an escape from certain harsh realities. However, in an interview with Brenna Ehrlich for Rolling Stone, King stated his reason for featuring COVID so prominently: “I always try to reflect the time that I’m writing in” (King). COVID was and remains an undeniable element of life in the past several years.
As of September 2023, the pandemic has killed nearly seven million people worldwide. In typical fashion, King chooses to confront the harshness of reality by including COVID-19 prominently in Holly.
By Stephen King
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