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88 pages 2 hours read

Susanna Kaysen

Girl, Interrupted

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 1993

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Chapters 16-20Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 16 Summary: “Another Lisa”

A new patient, named Lisa Cody, joined the ward and quickly befriended the other Lisa. The two patients developed a game where they pretended to talk to each other on the phone but were actually yelling to each other from separate phone booths. At first, Lisa delighted in Lisa Cody’s company and their shared antics. Their relationship soured when Lisa Cody received the same diagnosis as Lisa: sociopath. Sharing her “sociopath” status, Lisa began to feel threatened by Lisa Cody’s presence. Lisa began outdoing Lisa Cody at a variety of challenges, such as overdosing on sleeping pills or putting out cigarettes on her own arm. Lisa also pranked Lisa Cody by crushing stolen lightbulbs in her preferred phone booth. Eventually Lisa Cody runs away and is never seen at McLean Hospital again. When Lisa briefly escaped from McLean, she claimed to have seen Lisa Cody again and was pleased to report that she is now a “real junkie” (61).

Chapter 17 Summary: “Checkmate”

Kaysen and her friends from the ward, Georgina, Lisa, and Lisa Cody lamented how difficult it was to maintain a romantic relationship as patients at McLean. Kaysen remembers her embarrassment at having a nurse interrupt her with her boyfriend, which caused him to stop visiting her at the hospital. While some patients were allowed to visit the hospital cafeteria, where they could mingle with male patients, Kaysen felt ambivalent about pursuing a “crazy” boyfriend (67). The women agreed that it was impossible to have enough privacy and independence to have sex or foster a relationship while at the hospital.

Chapter 18 Summary: “Do You Believe Him or Me?”

Kaysen examines the discrepancies between McLean Hospitals' different records. While her doctor’s note claims he interviewed her for three hours before sending her to the hospital, she felt that it was merely 20 minutes. She reveals that one piece of admissions paperwork from the hospital, the Nurse’s Report of Patient on Admission, says she entered the hospital at 1:30 p.m., which would corroborate her doctor’s claim. Another piece of evidence, however, is the Admission Note from McLean’s own doctor which states that she first entered the hospital at 11:30 a.m. She admits that understanding whose claim was correct is very important to her, and she concludes by triumphantly stating, “Now you believe me” (70).

Chapter 19 Summary: “Velocity vs. Viscosity”

Kaysen reflects on the way mental illness can manifest itself, and how it feels to involuntarily have intrusive and anxious thoughts. She argues that while people will receive a variety of diagnoses such as mania, depression, or anxiety, mental illness, people experience it in either “fast” or “slow” forms (72). She describes the “slow form” as having a kind of “viscosity” and creating mental fog and “sluggish” responses in the person’s mind (72). Kaysen compares this type of mental illness to a kind of “cellular coma” that affects every part of a person’s bodily functions (72).

She contrasts this experience to that of a kind of “velocity” and the “plethora of perceptions” that accompany it (42). To demonstrate the anxious rumination that this mindset produces, Kaysen produces pages of hypothetical thoughts that overanalyze meanings and bodily reactions which only produce more questions and more anxiety. These intrusive thoughts culminate in the “I’m-no-good” thought and other demeaning thoughts about oneself. She feels that once one of these thoughts has begun, it prompts the thinker to experience the whole thought process again and again. She expresses that she has endured both types of mental illness, and wonders whether her experiences were prompted by internal or external factors. She concludes by noting that the questions of nature and nurture are part of the “great mystery of mental illness” (75).

Chapter 20 Summary: “Security Screen”

Lisa demanded that she go outside for some fresh air, which the nurses did not allow because she was restricted to the ward. Lisa claimed she would sue the hospital for confining her inside, threats which Kaysen explains were a frequent occurrence. After much complaining, the head nurse agreed to take the screen off Lisa’s window and open it, which took some time. Once the window was open, Lisa ignored it and did not go to her room, saying that she only harangued the nursing staff to “pass the time” (78).

Chapters 16-20 Analysis

Kaysen again deviates from the timeline of her story to revisit the issue of her admittance to McLean. The author’s non-linear storytelling reflects the unaligned and sporadic nature of her memories, especially distant memories, which she is drawing on to write her book. It also demonstrates how her visit with the doctor haunts Kaysen and prompts her to repeatedly ruminate on it.

Kaysen employs her detailed inner thoughts that reveal her own psychological experience. To describe fast-moving anxious thoughts, or what she calls “velocity”, she writes a circular train of thought that connects sleepiness to sea monsters and back to bodily functions like the tongue. She writes, “I’m tired—well, are you really tired, exactly? Is that like sleepy? You have to check all your body parts for sleepiness, and while you’re doing that there’s a bombardment of images of sleepiness…” (72). Kaysen illustrates this form of psychological distress by explaining that patterns of thought become linked to certain triggers and are unloaded uncontrollably together. She uses the metaphors of mantras and music, labeling these kinds of thoughts “idiot mantras” and “background music,” to help understand the way they infiltrate a person’s mind without being in the foreground (74).

These passages also reveal the extent of McLean’s control over its patients, as Kaysen and others not only had their physical mobility limited, but also had communication with the outside world strictly controlled. For example, the nurses had a list of phone numbers that patients were permitted to call from the phone booths in the ward. Kaysen also describes the various antics that Lisa would get up to, including elaborate pranks and nagging the nurses to “pass the time” in the unstimulating and tightly controlled ward (78).

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