56 pages • 1 hour read
Tamsyn MuirA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Love is something neither Gideon nor Harrow experiences in their daily lives. Gideon has been abused since she was a toddler by the Ninth House and holds a crushing amount of guilt over the death of Harrow’s parents. Harrow cannot stand the atrocities her parents committed and treats herself like an abomination. Harrow also bears the weight of the Ninth House entirely by herself. People treat her as a revered and dangerous figure and not as a person who needs care. Gideon and Harrow take out their frustrations on one another because the other is a key component of their self-loathing: Gideon thinks Harrow hates her because of the suicide of her parents. Harrow sees the mistakes of her parents in Gideon’s survival and believes Gideon will not accept her. Despite their dysfunctional dynamic, the two need one another. They have nobody and nothing else in the Ninth House.
The Lyctor trials in Canaan House push the pair’s loneliness and self-loathing to the brink. Harrow is paranoid about everyone and everything, which causes her to isolate herself entirely from Gideon. This, in turn, prompts Gideon to internalize the false idea that Harrow despises her. Gideon is “sore and furious with loneliness” in the early days at Canaan House (103). Gideon craves Dulcinea’s companionship because she shows an active interest in Gideon, and Gideon is willing to break her vow of silence to make friends since she feels Harrow has abandoned her. In response to Gideon’s attempts to reach out to others, Harrow becomes intensely jealous, especially of the time Gideon spends with Dulcinea. Harrow tries to explain, with little evidence, that Dulcinea is dangerous. She accidentally blames Gideon for the deaths of the Fourth house in the process, triggering Gideon’s trauma. Harrow, true to her character, walls herself off and tells Gideon she doesn’t need her help to become a Lyctor (289-92). The two repeatedly hurt one another back and forth until Gideon contemplates murdering Harrow.
Their personal and interpersonal problems can only be solved by learning to love one another through honest communication. Harrow seems to realize that something must give, so she takes Gideon into the saltwater pool in Chapter 31. The scene is an allegory for LGBTQ+ identities. Gideon is an openly out lesbian; her struggles center around finding meaning in the world and reconciling with her abuse. Harrow exhibits no attraction toward anybody until this scene, where she lets Gideon kiss her and admits to an attraction toward the girl in the Locked Tomb. Harrow’s admission of the terrible secret of her birth and her self-description as an “abomination” distinctly mirror the LGBTQ+ experience of coming out of the closet. Harrow expects Gideon to be disgusted by her and her secret and to reject her because she has taken out her frustrations on Gideon her entire life. When Gideon shows Harrow compassion instead of disgust, Harrow cannot handle Gideon’s love and breaks down (329). In the process of Harrow’s coming out, she absolves Gideon of her guilt over the death of her parents, and Gideon sheds “eighteen years of living in the dark with a bunch of bad nuns” to hold Harrow tightly, kiss her, and repeat the “one flesh, one end” vows (330). The point where all the tension and animosity between the two dissolves is explicitly romantic. The vows impart a sense of marriage to the climax.
After the two repeat their vows and break down the barriers between them, they become a perfectly cohesive duo. When they fight Cytherea, Gideon’s “horror of the monster [turns] to the ferocious joy of vengeance” (377) because the two are such a perfectly synchronized fighting force. The years they spent hating one another translate directly into cohesion, implying that in hating one another, they had to learn everything about the other that they would come to love. What was once the source of their suffering is, for a brief period, a source of joy.
Gideon’s love saves Harrow and Camilla in the end due to her sacrifice: The Gideon who once contemplated murdering Harrow likely would not have killed herself for Harrow’s sake. The “one flesh, one end” vows are fulfilled literally as the two women inhabit the same body. Though Harrow is heartbroken in the end, Gideon’s decision is a validation of Harrow’s monstrous nature. After killing herself, Gideon remarks that Harrow is “already two hundred dead daughters and sons of our House. What’s one more?” (400). Gideon redeems Harrow by voluntarily joining the very thing that makes Harrow hate herself. If Harrow loves Gideon and Gideon is inextricably part of her, Gideon has made it possible for Harrow to love herself.
In the grimdark genre, characters never achieve their goals in moral or happy ways. They are often burdened by traumatic feelings, like Gideon’s guilt, which compel them to use questionable means to achieve their goals. Gideon fulfills this grimdark convention because she sacrifices love and happiness with Harrow to make Harrow a Lyctor. Gideon’s guilt and subsequent sacrifice are related, but love, not guilt, compels her to make her sacrifice, making her decision a tragic one.
The impossibility of happiness comes from deeply rooted self-loathing. Gideon suffers bouts of extreme guilt and feelings of uselessness due to her origins. She wants to escape the Ninth because she is abused, but also because she dreams of being useful in the Cohort, a part of something greater though she says she wants a “fat shiny medal saying invasion force on whatever” (118) that she can rub in Harrow’s face. Her day-to-day life in the Ninth involves endlessly practicing sword fighting and exercising, but these pursuits have no goal: Gideon’s desire for glory, recognition, and usefulness only highlights her status as an unfortunate accident in the Ninth House. These feelings are compounded by Gideon’s guilt over the deaths of Harrow’s parents and survivor’s guilt for not dying with the other children. Gideon’s life feels so pointless that she doesn’t understand why she survived.
Harrow carries guilt over her origins, and her sacrifice is directly caused by her guilt. At the age of 10, Harrow decides she must “live forever just in case [the girl in the Locked Tomb] ever [wakes] up” (331). Harrow’s decision to “live forever” is a sacrifice because she is tormented by living and wants to end her life, but she continues to bear her pain for another’s sake. Harrow’s decision to become a Lyctor both helps her keep that promise and renews her House: When the Emperor cannot bring Gideon back, he offers to renew Harrow’s House instead (407). Harrow and Gideon’s sacrifices lead to a greater good but come at the expense of their personal happiness.
Other characters also sacrifice themselves out of guilt. Cytherea was the most “loyal, the most humane,” and “the most resilient” of all of his Lyctors (405), and she sacrifices her life by living 10,000 years of torment for the Emperor. Cytherea’s story shows the impossibility of happiness in the genre because instead of serving the greater good, her actions become destructive. Cytherea’s sacrifice and loyalty for the Emperor turn into disdain and hatred, and she ends up becoming a killer. The theme of hopelessness in grimdark is a reaction to the moral law that good conquers evil that is found in many other subgenres of fantasy and science fiction. Characters do the wrong things for the right reasons, or vice versa, and those actions do not always have positive consequences. Even in the case of Gideon and Harrow, their love leads to their union, but not in the way either of them anticipated. They become stronger together, but they have to sacrifice their happiness in the process.
True to the influences of Catholic aesthetics and theology, the concept of original sin is vital to Gideon the Ninth. Original sin is a Christian doctrine that states that humans are born sinful, prone to evil actions, and require saving through God. The concept of original sin is vital to Harrow’s characterization, the Emperor’s, and that of Canaan House.
Canaan House, named after a promised land in the Bible, is the mark of original sin on humanity in the Locked Tomb universe. Harrow describes the lab facility as:
[T]he sum of all necromantic transgression. […] The unperceivable howl of ten thousand million unfed ghosts who will hear each echoed footstep as defilement. They would not even be satisfied if they tore you apart. The space beyond that door is profoundly haunted (144).
The lab contains instructions for attaining Lyctorhood, a key component in the Emperor’s Resurrection of humanity. Resurrection is itself an important part of Christian doctrine: Jesus Christ is resurrected from death, and some Christians believe in the Rapture, the second coming of Jesus Christ that would resurrect true believers and return them to their bodies. In the novel, the Resurrection redeems humanity, which was stained by the original sins committed in Canaan House. Muir complicates the idea of original sin by placing the burden on the Emperor instead of on humanity itself, turning the Emperor into a Christ figure. The “promised land” of Canaan is inverted into a mass grave full of crimes against humanity, which reinforces that the Emperor is to blame for the original sin. When Harrow asks why he can’t return to Canaan House, he cryptically replies “I saved the world once—but not for me” (407). The Emperor’s price for his sacrifice is bearing the guilt of humanity’s original sin and the inability to return to the promised land. Muir blends the image of Adam, the first man to sin, and God in the Emperor, making him a figure with complex religious significance.
Harrow’s original sin is a more literal depiction of the Christian concept. Harrow is born from atrocious acts and is stained by them, even though she did not commit the sins herself. She believes her existence is a “war crime” and a necessary one to unlock the Locked Tomb (328). This parallels the Christian belief that original sin is a necessary burden on humanity that makes turning toward goodness a meaningful decision. Without being born in sin, Harrow would be unable to open the Locked Tomb and see “the cost of the Resurrection” that is sealed away (328). Though Harrow’s desire may seem heretical, she is growing closer to God by bearing the weight of her sin. The contents of the Locked Tomb are known only to the Emperor (and possibly his Lyctors). By sharing in his secret and part of his burden, Harrow becomes a primary candidate to bear the weight of original sin with him as a Lyctor. It is the girl in the Locked Tomb that makes Harrow feel like she must live forever and thus become a Lyctor.