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Lamar GilesA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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The protagonist of “Don’t Pass Me By,” Doobie, is a seventh-grade student and is the story’s narrator. An Indigenous American from the nearby “Rez,” or reservation, he describes himself as having “a big hawky Indian nose, thick lips, and long black hair tied back in a sneh-wheh” (39). Standard practice at his school for other students from the Rez is to try to make themselves as “white” as possible, hiding their Indian heritage to fit in with the other students. Doobie recognizes that given his features, this isn’t possible, and he instead elects to keep to himself and even allow the other Indigenous American students to pretend that they don’t know him so that they can maintain the charade that they aren’t from the Rez. This conveys his level of emotional intelligence: He recognizes the situation around him, and he also shows the strength to isolate himself and take abuse on his own, allowing other kids from the Rez to pretend not to know him.
What Doobie experiences, both externally through bullying and isolation due to his heritage and internally as he struggles with how “white” everything is in his school, reflects internalized racism. He watches as his fellow Indigenous classmates erase their culture to fit in and consciously decides to let himself be mistreated and feel marginalized rather than become the trouble that his teachers and classmates expect him to be. However, through the course of the story, as he sees whiteness and racism reflected in the CPR Annie doll, Hayley’s Barbie cosmetology doll, and the diagrams in sex education class, he realizes the dangers of allowing his own identity to be marginalized and not standing up for himself. Ultimately, he undergoes a change, deciding not to draw his own diagram as “white” and instead using the wrong colored pencil (the brown one) to draw himself. This small act of defiance allows Doobie to shake at least some of the racism that he has internalized and accepted throughout his school experience.
The protagonist of “Be Cool for Once,” Shirin, is a Muslim high school student who fought for her parents’ permission to go out on her own to see the band Thousand Day Queens. Introverted and intelligent, she considers many situations she’s in through a scientific lens, scolding herself for “violat[ing] the one sacred aspect of scientific observation” by taking actions that change her environment (62), such as telling her crush, Jeffrey, how she feels.
Shirin is a dynamic character who changes throughout the story. While at a concert with her friend, she sees Jeffrey, who repeatedly approaches her to start conversations. Although she came up with excuses to speak to him in homeroom throughout the year, asking him for various tools and utensils, she always avoided talking to him more directly or telling him how she felt. Her reasoning behind this is that she doesn’t feel that she’s good enough for Jeffrey, who is popular and a baseball star. She feels that he deserves someone more outgoing and personable, telling Jeffrey, “You’re not for me. You’re not for girls like me. I’d rather see than be seen” (65). Throughout most of the story, Shirin holds this view of herself. She feels that she’s introverted, doesn’t go on adventures, and could never truly tell Jeffrey how she feels because it would cause too much change in her life. However, in the story’s climax, she works up the courage to tell him how she feels. She “for once d[oes]n’t think about the consequences” and instead acts, kissing him (70). Although this moment may not bring Shirin completely out of her shell, it marks a major change for her as a character. She overcomes her self-doubt and feelings of insecurity, not only telling Jeffrey how she feels but also acting on her feelings.
The protagonist of “Why I Learned to Cook,” Yasi, is Iranian American; her father emigrated to the US before she was born. She sees the importance in her heritage, learning Farsi and going to her grandmother’s house every Friday for dinner. A teen who is bisexual, she’s currently with a girlfriend named Hannah. She describes herself as liking structure and always wanting to have a plan, noting that she’s “worried about everything all the time” (87).
Throughout the story, Yasi struggles with how to reveal to her grandmother that she’s dating Hannah. Hannah asks why she’s not invited over to Yasi’s grandmother’s, but Yasi deflects, saying that she isn’t sure how to tell her grandmother. As the story progresses, Yasi decides that she can no longer keep the two parts of her life separate: She wants to share her grandmother with Hannah and stop keeping secrets from her grandmother. Through learning to cook with her grandmother, Yasi learns not only about her grandmother’s heritage and how important it is to her but also how to express her feelings to Hannah by cooking for her. In the story’s conclusion, she sheds tears of relief over having finally told her grandmother that she’s dating Hannah and her grandmother’s acceptance.
The protagonist of “A Boy’s Duty,” Zakary, is a 16-year-old boy of color living in the 1940s during World War II. His passions are astronomy and mapmaking, and he aspires to serve as a quartermaster in the Navy, attend college, teach astronomy, and eventually help astronauts reach the moon. However, at age 12, he left home, no longer wanting to work on his father’s farm. He spent several years moving and finding places to live, work, and eat. In addition, he worked as a thief with Ezekiel and other boys his age, until one day when they robbed Mr. and Mrs. Jackson’s café. Out of guilt, and with nowhere else to go, Zakary stays with the Jacksons and helps them in the café.
Zakary struggles with where he belongs and what his duty is. Because of his unhoused status, his skin color, and his father, he felt that he needed to leave home in pursuit of his dreams. In the climax of the story, he decides to rejoin Ezekiel as they rob the patrons of the café. However, after contemplating the life Ezekiel leads and where it will take him, he instead returns to the café, seeing it as his best opportunity to fulfill his ultimate duty: to himself and his dreams. As the story ends, it’s unclear whether Zakary will continue at the café or join the Navy, but what is important is that he has separated himself from a life of crime and decided that “a boy’s got a duty to hold onto his dreams” (132).
The protagonist of “One Voice,” Jasmine, is a first-generation Filipino American who emigrated to the US with her parents. She now attends Stanford University. When she received a scholarship, it came to light that her family are undocumented immigrants, and she was unable to accept it; instead, she was forced to gain documented status in order to attend college. Now that she’s in college, achieving something that her parents didn’t, she begins to feel the growing differences between her new life and her parents’ life back home, creating a sense of unbelonging. Adding to those feelings, several racist incidents on Stanford’s campus make her feel unsafe at school: “It reminded [her that she’s] only living in the United States legally for now. It could quickly change” (137).
The story explores Jasmine’s journey of finding her “voice” and her place to belong. Because the instances of racism all occur on campus, Jasmine struggles increasingly with the responses around her. Her boyfriend, Royce, dismisses the incidents, telling Jasmine that she doesn’t need to worry about them because it’s Stanford, and the school simply erases the graffiti and writes an email. As these inadequate responses to the events weigh on Jasmine, she realizes that she won’t receive the support she needs from her boyfriend or from the campus officials. Instead, she turns to other people like her, who feel as though they don’t belong on campus or even in the country. At a rally and protest, she and other students come together “through signs of solidarity, songs, chants, poems, food, love, and [their] mutual strength” (144). Ultimately, this group gives her a place to belong: Jasmine discovers her own voice “among the voices of others” (145).
The transgender narrator of “Catch, Pull, Drive,” Tommy, is a high school student who decides to transition from female to male and, especially after coming out via social media, battles a lack of understanding from his swimming coach and peers as well as outright gender bias and persistent bullying from one teammate, Roman. Nevertheless, he’s courageous, going to practice, using the men’s restroom, and continuing to swim. Swimming is the one aspect of his life where he feels relief, able to think only of the act of swimming and push all other thoughts from his mind.
His journey throughout the story depicts the struggles that many people experience during gender transition. While his coach responds with annoyance and disinterest, and one teammate openly calls him by his former name and refers to him as a “fag,” Tommy perseveres to take the first steps to finally asserting himself; he refuses to let other people define who he is or impact his life. Ultimately, Tommy finds support from his mother, who reassures him that “normal” is a construct and he’s perfectly okay being who he wants, and his teammate Parker, who stands up for himself and for Tommy in the face of Roman’s bullying.
X is the antagonist and antihero of “Super Human.” After his brother and uncle were killed, his mother’s dying wish was that he survive and become untouchable. Consequently, he became a superhero, with superhuman strength, invincibility, and the ability to fly. Over two years, he saved humanity from tragedy after tragedy and thus built a mythical quality, so many assumed he wasn’t human. However, after an incident during which he was shot by police, without just cause, while in his civilian clothes, he decided to stop saving humanity, telling the world that he “no longer believe[s] in humanity” and “would see it destroyed” (173).
Several aspects of X’s life, including his name, his ambiguity, and his justified anger, represent the Black community in its struggles against wrongful deaths at the hands of police. The universality of his name (which is also a reference to a famous Black leader) allows for his experiences to symbolize the larger group. As young men of color continue to be unjustly killed, they become dehumanized and serve as statistics as well as points of political argument. Although Syrita, who is chosen to try to convince him to return to his savior role, and the rest of humanity see X as a mythic figure who is eternally available to save them, the reality is that he’s just another boy of color. X has set aside the ways that people of color are treated and ignored the poverty and social injustice he sees around the city to be a bigger person and regularly save humanity. However, this eventually led to his bitterness and anger, which led him to abandon humanity after he was shot and which Syrita, the story’s protagonist, realizes is justified.
By Lamar Giles
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