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44 pages 1 hour read

Justin Denzel

Boy of the Painted Cave

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1988

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Chapters 10-12Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 10 Summary

As the summer approaches, Tao is careful to watch for Volt or the other hunters when he and Ram leave the cave to go hunting. One day, Tao spots a herd of animals moving in the distance. He and Ram run to the swamps, where they will be able to see the animals but remain downwind of them and not draw their attention. Tao realizes that the herd is made up of mammoths, “the mountains-that-walk” (97), mostly cows, calves, and yearlings. It has been three years since the mammoth herd came through the valley. Ram is eager to approach the herd, but Tao holds him back, telling him the animals are too large, and it is not safe. Soon, Tao realizes the animals are surrounding them in the swamp. Ram pulls away and charges at the mammoths, angering them. Tao is afraid Ram will be killed in the scuffle. Knowing it’s not safe, Tao begins to leave the swamp. A female mammoth finds him first and attacks. He flees but is nearly stomped to death by the beast. Ram returns and distracts the mammoth, saving Tao. Tao tells Ram he is brave but foolish, and he will not allow Ram to chase the mammoths.

Chapter 11 Summary

Kala treats Tao’s cuts and bruises and gives him some chestnuts. Summer arrives, and one day Tao spots a bright light flashing at the top of a limestone cliff. He and Ram get closer to investigate and realize it is Graybeard and one of his shining stones. The boy and the wolf dog climb the steep cliff together, but it is difficult. When they arrive at the top, Graybeard says he chose the location for its difficulty but says there is a secret, easier route.

He has come to teach Tao to make images but insists they eat first. He “stifles a cough” (102). Tao gives Graybeard the chestnuts, which he has been saving for the old man. After they eat, Graybeard gives Tao lessons on drawing, teaching him how to use long strokes, use the natural features of the stone wall to make his drawings more realistic, and how to add animal heads and legs to the wall to make it look like an entire heard of animals behind the first drawing. He tells Tao that tomorrow he must go to the clan of the Lake People and directs Tao to find fish oil, animal blood, fat, eggs, and honey so Graybeard may teach him how to mix paint colors at their next lesson.

Over the next several days, Tao collects the list of objects and stores them in the hidden cave to await their next lesson. Ram picks up the scent of a boar and together they track and kill it. Tao reserves the blood and fat for himself but takes the head and the best meat back to the clan. Everyone is pleased to have boar to eat. Volt is more friendly and gives Tao the tusks to wear as proof of his hunting skill. Tao is pleased but wishes the clan could accept Ram and understand the wolf dog is not an evil spirit.

Chapter 12 Summary

Tao waits for Graybeard for many days, feeling empty and alone. He draws herds of animals in Graybeard’s hidden cave and begins to worry. One day Graybeard appears, coughing and shaky, and says he has been gone so long because he is an old man who does not move as quickly as he used to. They go back to the cave together, gathering red clay and limestone dust to use for mixing paints. Graybeard mixes the red and yellow clays, charcoal, and limestone dust in differing ratios to achieve many colors: pink, orange, red, brown, grays, blacks, and yellows. He shows Tao how to create brushes by mashing the ends of twigs against the stone to soften them.

Tao uses the brushes to paint one of the mammoth drawings on the wall, getting more confident as he goes. When he finishes, Graybeard gives him egg whites and tells him to spread them over the painting, which brightens the colors and adds some life to the image. Tao is very pleased. The next morning, Graybeard leaves again—as time passes, Graybeard is be gone for long periods, but he always returns to the cave to give Tao more lessons: how to mix more colors, how to read the stars, how to make fire, and how to treat sickness with herbs. When Graybeard leaves for “the last time,” Ram and Tao walk with him across the valley (113). Graybeard tells Tao that his drawings are now good enough for him to call himself a cave painter. Tao thanks him. When Graybeard walks away, he is slow and tired and has a terrible cough. Tao is afraid for him.

Chapters 10-12 Analysis

As Graybeard had foretold, the great herd of mammoths returns to the valley. Tao and Ram are nearly killed by the great animals, but they manage to survive. Tao learns an important lesson of caution through the experience. The most significant aspect of this section is the time Tao spends with Graybeard. The old man’s return marks the keeping of his promise to teach Tao magic. These chapters also serve to remind the reader of Graybeard’s age and promote concern for the old man’s health. Graybeard’s persistent cough and the effort it takes him to walk suggest that he is very ill. People in this period did not have access to modern medical knowledge and technology, so illnesses were often fatal.

The reader may consider Graybeard’s motivation to teach Tao his magic and painting might reflect the old man’s awareness of his worsening sickness and impending death. As a childless man, Graybeard has chosen Tao as an heir to his knowledge and magic, and he may be motivated by what he knows is his limited remaining time. Despite his worry for Graybeard, Tao continues to thrive outside of the clan. He and Ram provide not only for themselves, but also for the clan. Tao’s continued caution in avoiding discovery by the other hunters reflects his awareness of how close-minded his clan is. Even though Tao is fully self-sufficient and providing high quality food for the clan, they would quickly reject him and deem him cursed or guilty of associating with an evil spirit. Even Graybeard, who is revered and valued, is careful to avoid the suspicion of breaking taboos. The clan’s taboos and fears would outweigh any contributions or success Tao had with his unique way of doing things.

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