34 pages • 1 hour read
Stephen KingA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Content Warning: The source material features discussions of suicide, self-harm, and distressing imagery, which is discussed in this section.
Mike Enslin is the dynamic protagonist of “1408.” His unwillingness to believe in the haunting of 1408 is constantly challenged throughout the story, bringing him face-to-face with a malicious entity that he cannot overcome, let alone explain.
Mike is drawn to 1408 because of his writing career, which is best characterized by a series of haunted travelogs collectively known as the Ten Nights books. Despite his success and journeys around the world, Mike bears mixed feelings toward his work. Mike attended college at Iowa State University, developing his craft under the mentorship of American novelist Jane Smiley. Mike attempted to become a literary writer with moderate success, drafting poems and publishing stories while working as a reporter. This pushed him to conceptualize his first Ten Nights book.
The strong sales of his first book pushed him to serialize its concept. However, Mike’s lived experience of the haunted locations rubs against the enthusiasm of his readers. Having never experienced authentic supernatural phenomena during any of his visits, he cannot bring himself to believe in any of the things he writes. He is skeptical of the paranormal, but remains subtly superstitious, as evidenced by the cigarette he wears behind his ear day after day, both as a final relief in case of emergency and as a memento of his late brother. This contradiction establishes the story’s central themes of Belief and Superstition and Idealism Versus Cynicism.
Mike employs a journalistic approach to his investigations. His primary research tool is his minicorder, which also functions as a defense mechanism to protect himself at one point from Olin and later on, from his solitude in room 1408. Mike’s cynicism allows him to deflect Olin’s warnings as meaningless coincidence. Occasionally, Mike deploys self-deprecation as an additional defense mechanism, appealing to Olin’s sense of humor to earn his approval.
At the end of the story, Mike gives up writing because of his experience in 1408. He is unwilling to write a book about the event and radically gives up the idea of writing altogether. Although it is an opportunity to write about something he believes in, his experience in 1408 sickens him in retrospect. Not only is he haunted by any act of writing, but he also avoids all other sensory reminders of the room, including ordinary objects like the light at sunset and telephones.
Olin is a hotel manager who began his career in the Midwest, gradually working his way into the Upper East Side of New York, where he oversees the Hotel Dolphin. Considering its clientele, which includes elegantly dressed blond women and men who fly into town on Business Class, Olin maintains a carefully polished appearance. His hands are described as “carefully manicured” (373) and the tie he wears is likewise described as being “carefully knotted” (383).
His conscientious nature and attention to detail translate to his work ethic. He possesses an encyclopedic knowledge of the hotel’s history, and can easily recall the names of staff members, including those who have long since retired from service. He also makes the effort to personally oversee certain tasks, such as the light turn cleaning of 1408.
The first time Olin encounters Mike, he immediately tasks the concierge with procuring copies of Mike’s work, so that he can better understand him. Mike perceives him as the type of person “who probably read Proust on his nights off” (372). During their conversation, Olin also makes an offhand reference to Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol.
Olin maintains a complex relationship to 1408, signifying the tension between his fidelity to the hotel and his Fear of the Unknown. Although no guests have stayed in the room since 1978, Olin finds it difficult to leave it untouched, gathering dust and falling decrepit. Olin fears this would translate to a neglect of duty.
Olin also functions as a foil for Mike. By challenging his motivations to stay in 1408, Olin is able to uncover and interrogate Mike’s cynicism as a writer. He exposes Mike’s defense mechanisms, either by failing to oblige them or by subverting them. Considering his commitment to the hotel, Olin’s motivation for dissuading Mike from staying in 1408 stems from a desire to minimize public scrutiny of the room. At the time of Mike’s arrival, he is grateful that 1408 remains one of the lesser-known locations on ghost tours and supernatural guides. Following Mike’s escape, Olin visits Mike’s literary agent, Sam Farrell, to listen to the tape. He rejects all culpability for Mike’s personal damages and lays all the blame at Mike’s feet. It is likely that his interest in the tape is a means to better understand the entity that inhabits the room, which Olin finds difficult to describe.
Sam Farrell is Mike’s literary agent, who appears in the fourth section of “1408.” His character is largely flat and static as he only functions to represent Mike’s career interests. When he encounters Olin, Sam briefly clashes with him, assuming the role of a protector to Mike. He declines Olin’s request to listen to the tape and threatens him with a lawsuit. Likewise, when Mike declares his retirement from writing, Sam believes that he will eventually change his mind as writers typically do.
Sam is the only person identified in the narrative to have listened to the contents of Mike’s minicorder after his escape from 1408. He is unsettled by its fragmentary recordings but remains largely unconvinced that Mike’s experience is tied to an authentic haunting. He hides the tape in his wall-safe, which suggests that the raw account of Mike’s encounter is both disturbing and repulsive, but also knows it is not enough to prove that anything occurred. On the other hand, he also sees the profit in Mike’s retelling of the experience, provided that he can bring himself to return to the tape and filter the experience in a way that would appeal to his readership. While Mike is changed by the experience and no longer wishes to profit from his readership, Olin remains interested in making money at the expense of others.
Rufus Dearborn is a guest staying on the 14th floor of the Hotel Dolphin, who happens to catch Mike as he exits room 1408. At first a bystander, he saves Mike from the fire that engulfs him. Coincidentally, Dearborn is a sewing machine salesman by trade, much like 1408’s first victim. The story insinuates that Mike might have survived whether Dearborn was present or not, casting an air of irony around the incident.
Although Dearborn’s role in the narrative is brief, his experience supplies the coda on which the story ends. The light that emanates from the fires that engulf both Mike and 1408 reminds him of sundown in the Australian Outback, which strikes him as being different from “what [one] thought of as earth-light” (399). Although he does not relate this association to Mike, the story’s closing lines recall this comparison.
By Stephen King